Altitudinal Range Extension for the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas)

Andrews, Austin K.

doi:10.2307/1441620

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…In some waters, desirable substrate may be in short supply and males will settle for small sites. Andrews () observed males nesting on sticks as narrow as 1 cm in diameter, and we have found eggs on 0.95‐cm diameter plastic tubing.…”

Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…DeWitt () noted no difference in nest‐site selection with substrate depth, but the range of depths tested was limited (0.25–1 m). Flickinger () found nests at all depths in ponds with a maximum depth of 1.5 m, while Andrews () did not find any nests in water deeper than 1 m. Hasler, Thomsen, and Neiss () observed 320 nests, 80% of which were at a depth of 0.8 m. Depth of nests is likely related to males seeking favorable water temperatures. Wisenden et al () indicated that early in the season, temperature differences between nests near the surface (under lily pads) and near the bottom (under sticks) resulted in more eggs and clutches of eggs under lily pads, a warmer location for egg incubation.…”

Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have found that males prefer to nest in shallow water near the shore. Isaak (), in his detailed study of fathead minnows in Horseshoe Lake, Minnesota, noted that nests were within 23 m of shore, and most were within 6 m. Similarly, Andrews () reported that nests tended to be near the shore, and in areas with sandy bottoms, nests were made under wood lying at the bottom. DeWitt () noted no difference in nest‐site selection with substrate depth, but the range of depths tested was limited (0.25–1 m).…”

Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Males with larger nest sites attract more females, or at least end up with more eggs in the nest (Flickinger, ; Isaak, ). Male fathead minnows stop shoaling at the start of spawning season; small groups will scout out potential nest sites, where one will prevail and become the owner (Andrews, ; Richardson, ). Despite the advantages of choice sites, male fathead minnows exhibit a great deal of flexibility in nest‐site selection, possibly a result of evolving in environments with limited spawning substrate options.…”

Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the advantages of choice sites, male fathead minnows exhibit a great deal of flexibility in nest‐site selection, possibly a result of evolving in environments with limited spawning substrate options. In natural waters, males typically nest on submerged wood or excavate nests below sticks or rocks at the bottom (Andrews, ; Isaak, ; Richardson, ). The undersides of lily pads are also used (Langlois, ; Wisenden et al, ; Wynne‐Edwards, ), and sometimes, nests are on the undersides of fallen tree leaves and sides of submerged plant stems (Isaak, ).…”

Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fathead minnow reproduction: Implications for commercial culture

Stone¹,

Roy

Park³

2018

J World Aquaculture Soc

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The fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, is widely used as a bait, forage, and research fish in the United States. A hardy and fecund fish, this species has many attributes that are excellent for culture. Unfortunately, despite the widespread use of fathead minnows in toxicity testing and thousands of resulting publications, relatively little aquaculture‐related research has been conducted in support of commercial production. On the surface, current commercial fathead minnow production practices appear much the same as those of a decade ago. However, producers continue to refine culture methods, balancing broodfish stocking rates, spawning substrate quantity, and feeding rates in an attempt to meet both losses to predators and market demand. This review examines relevant reproduction‐related studies in the fields of ecology, behavior, toxicology, and aquaculture with the goal of advancing fathead minnow culture. In fathead minnow production, relative to the culture of food fish species, reproduction is vital, more so than rapid growth or a low feed conversion ratio. Fish numbers may exceed 1 million fish/ha, while feeding rates are relatively low and in feeder fish production, growth is deliberately restrained in order to maintain fish within market sizes year‐round. Underappreciated factors identified as affecting reproduction and with implications for commercial culture include: (a) poor egg adhesion to commonly used spawning substrates, (b) egg and fry cannibalism at high fish densities, and (c) the relatively short breeding period of individual males. Results highlight the importance of selecting an appropriate broodfish stocking rate based on fish size, anticipated pond fertility, and feeding program. New methods to improve reproductive performance will likely increase costs and will need to be accompanied by thorough economic analyses.

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Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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