Altruistic Backoff: Collision Avoidance for Receiver-Initiated MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

In receiver-initiated medium access control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks, communication is initiated by the receiver node which transmits beacons indicating its availability to receive data. In the case of multiple senders having traffic for a given receiver, such beacons form points where collisions are likely to happen. In this paper, we present altruistic backoff (AB), a novel collision avoidance mechanism that aims to avoid collisions before the transmission of a beacon. As a result of an early backoff, senders spend less time in idle listening waiting for a beacon, thus saving significant amounts of energy. We present an implementation of AB for Texas Instruments' eZ430-rf2500 sensor nodes and we evaluate its performance with simulations and experiments.

Rethinking IoT Network Reliability in the Era of Machine Learning

“…The experimental results, presented in this paper, suggest that not all data packets have equal value, as often assumed in the IoT networking literature. (It is noted that techniques for traffic differentiation, whereby important packets are prioritised over best-effort packets (e.g., [35], [36]) are impractical in our case, as they require a priori knowledge on the priority level of each data sample.) This non-linear relationship can be exploited for resource-efficiency.…”

Priority based Distributed Scheduling for Congestion and Collision Avoidance in WSN

“…In this technique, the system in which data packets generated by sensor nodes are categorized as high and low priority based on the importance of the data and time stamp [8]. In collision avoidance phase, a receiver initiated MAC protocol is applied in which each sensor node broadcasts an altruistic back off request (ABR) [9] for the beacon packet from the receiver. The ABR consists of node id and the priority of packets.…”

“…The proposed PDSCCA approach's performance is evaluated using the parameters like average end to end latency, data drop, residual energy and average packet delivery ratio. The proposed approach is compared with the ABR [9] approach. Average end to end latency: End to End latency is measured as an average over all successfully received packets from source to destination.…”

A QoS-aware MAC protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

“…The probability of nodes access channel is mainly effected by the CW size, that is, CW is more smaller, node access channel is more easier [14,15]. SQ-MAC can achieve service differentiation by setting different CW size for different priority traffic classes.…”