Altruistic or selfish? Responses when safety is threatened depend on childhood socioeconomic status

Li, Haihong; Yi, Song; Xie, Xiaofei

doi:10.1002/ejsp.2651

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…If the desire for control is a key mechanism underlying consumers' pattern-seeking, an individual difference in perceived control over the environment should influence our prediction. As described earlier, individuals' early-life environments shape various aspects of behavior in adulthood (Griskevicius et al, 2011;Hill et al, 2016;H. Li et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2020;Whelan & Hingston, 2018).…”

Section: Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…According to an evolutionary perspective, early-life experiences can internalize the manners in which people respond to environments (Ellis et al, 2009). A growing body of research has shown that environmental conditions encountered during early childhood influence many aspects of individuals' lives such as cognitive performance (Nisbett, 2009), altruistic behavior (H. Li et al, 2020), eating behavior (Hill et al, 2016), impulsivity, (Griskevicius et al, 2011), risk-taking, and mental discounting . Early-life experiences are commonly reflected in childhood SES-people growing up in lower SES environments encounter more unpredictable early-life experiences than those who grew up in higher SES environments (Mittal & Griskevicius, 2014).…”

Section: Childhood Sesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of infectious disease threat on consumers' pattern‐seeking in sequential choices

Park

Kim

Jhang

et al. 2021

Psychology and Marketing

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The pandemic outbreak poses one of the most influential threats. When faced with such a threat, consumers engage in adaptive behaviors, and one way to do so may pertain to pattern-seeking in their choices. Across five studies, we show that consumers exhibit patterns in sequential choice under the threat of COVID-19. Specifically, consumers high (vs. low) in the perceived threat increase sequential patterns in repeated choice regardless of whether the levels of the perceived threat are measured or manipulated. The effect emerges even when a patterned choice option is objectively inferior to a nonpatterned option. The underlying mechanism of the effect is that consumers experience a lower sense of control, which motivates them to seek patterned choices to regain control threatened by the infectious disease. We further show that the effect on patterned choice is stronger for consumers with lower childhood socioeconomic status (SES), who are characterized by a lower sense of control, than their higher childhood SES counterparts. Noting that infectious disease threats are unavoidable, we offer theoretical contributions as well as novel insights into marketing practices under unpredictable and threatening situations.

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Section: Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Childhood Sesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of infectious disease threat on consumers' pattern‐seeking in sequential choices

Park

Kim

Jhang

et al. 2021

Psychology and Marketing

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“…First, our paper extends the literature on authenticity by linking external threats like COVID‐19 and consumers' attitudes toward products promoted with authenticity appeals. Research has shown that authenticity positively influences consumers' perceptions and values (e.g., Lee et al, 2019 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Liang et al, 2018 ) and leads to positive advertising outcomes (e.g., Chalmers & Price, 2009 ; Zhang et al, 2014 ). For example, Hamby et al ( 2019 ) showed that sharing a story about the founders' original purpose of the business could increase the perceived authenticity of the brand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has documented that authenticity reflects a product's quality and trust level (van den Bosch et al, 2005 ), enhances message receptivity (Labrecque et al, 2011 ), and increases perceived quality (Moulard et al, 2014 ) and purchase intentions (Napoli et al, 2014 ). Accumulated evidence also suggests that authenticity generates positive consumer responses (e.g., del Barrio‐García & Prados‐Peña, 2019 ; Lee et al, 2019 ; Li et al, 2019 ). For example, Lee et al ( 2019 ) found that authentic Korean cosmetics enhanced consumer perceptions of quality and led to higher purchase intention.…”

Section: Literature Review and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID‐19 on consumer evaluation of authentic advertising messages

et al. 2021

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This study investigates the relationship between the COVID‐19 threat and consumer evaluation of a product with authenticity appeals in advertisements. We propose that threatening situations like COVID‐19 motivate consumers to lower their uncertainty and increase their preference for products with authentic advertising messages. Because individuals react differently to threatening environments according to their early‐life experiences, commonly reflected in childhood socioeconomic status, we examined whether childhood socioeconomic status moderates the relationship between threat and consumer evaluation of authenticity in advertisements. First, secondary data from Google Trends provided empirical support for our predictions. In additional experimental studies, participants evaluated different target products in four studies that either manipulated (Studies 2 and 3) or measured (Studies 4 and 5) COVID‐19 threat. Our results provide converging evidence that consumers positively evaluate products with authentic advertising messages under the COVID‐19 threat. Consumers' motivation to lower their uncertainty underlies the effect of COVID‐19 threat on their evaluation of authentic messages (Study 3). This attempt to reduce uncertainty is more likely to occur for consumers with relatively higher childhood socioeconomic status (Studies 4 and 5). These findings suggest that using authenticity appeals during a pandemic could effectively reduce consumers' perceived uncertainty and generate positive consumer evaluations.

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“…Individuals with adequate family resources during childhood have stable interpersonal bonds, enjoy cooperation, and are more likely to trust and act altruistically (Stamos et al, 2019 ). Li et al ( 2019 ) found that students with a higher childhood socioeconomic status (SES) exhibited higher altruistic intentions and behaviors when facing or imagining a threat scenario in three experimental environments. Having lower financial conditions in childhood was associated with lower mental health and well-being in adulthood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Students' Attitudes Toward Collaboration: Evidence From Structural Equation Model Trees and Forests

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Psychol.

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Numerous studies have shed some light on the importance of associated factors of collaborative attitudes. However, most previous studies aimed to explore the influence of these factors in isolation. With the strategy of data-driven decision making, the current study applied two data mining methods to elucidate the most significant factors of students' attitudes toward collaboration and group students to draw a concise model, which is beneficial for educators to focus on key factors and make effective interventions at a lower cost. Structural equation model trees (SEM trees) and structural equation model forests (SEM forests) were applied to the Program for International Student Assessment 2015 dataset (a total of 9,769 15-year-old students from China). By establishing the most important predictors and the splitting rules, these methods constructed multigroup common factor models of collaborative attitudes. The SEM trees showed that home educational resources (split by “above-average or not”), home possessions (split by “disadvantaged or not”), mother's education (split by “below high school or not”), and gender (split by “male or female”) were the most important predictors among the demographic variables, drawing a 5-group model. Among all the predictors, achievement motivation (split by “above-average or not”) and sense of belonging at school (split by “above-average or not” and “disadvantaged or not”) were the most important, drawing a 6-group model. The SEM forest findings proved the relative importance of these variables. This paper discusses various interpretations of these results and their implications for educators to formulate corresponding interventions. Methodologically, this research provides a data mining approach to discover important information from large-scale educational data, which might be a complementary approach to enhance data-driven decision making in education.

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Altruistic or selfish? Responses when safety is threatened depend on childhood socioeconomic status

Cited by 20 publications

References 75 publications

The impact of infectious disease threat on consumers' pattern‐seeking in sequential choices

The impact of infectious disease threat on consumers' pattern‐seeking in sequential choices

The impact of COVID‐19 on consumer evaluation of authentic advertising messages

Predicting Students' Attitudes Toward Collaboration: Evidence From Structural Equation Model Trees and Forests

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