Altruistic Orientation in Children: Construction and Validation of the Child Altruism Inventory

Keung, Hing; Leung, Man Chi

doi:10.1080/00207599108247163

Cited by 47 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The correlation of CEST with PB was, however, insignificant. The present findings are consistent with those in literature (Cheung, Ma, & Shek, 1998;Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998;Ma & Leung, 1991;Moos & Trickett, 1987). Results of correlation analysis provided partial support for the Hypothesis H3.…”

Section: Hypothesis Testingsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In other words, it is important and essential for teachers to develop a prosocial orientation in their students starting when the students are quite young. Ma and Leung (1991) also found that a nice classroom social environment is positively associated with altruistic orientation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…An overall score, adolescent behavior (AB) score is generated by the following formula: AB=PB-DB. The reliability and validity of ABQ scores were demonstrated to be good in studies by Ma and Leung (1991) and Ma, Shek, Cheung, and Lee (1996). The Cronbach alpha of the ABQ scores is usually in the .80s to .90s.…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, subjects may not give the true responses. However, this method is found to be useful and acceptable, especially in finding out the correlations among a large number of variables (Hindelang, Hirschi, & Weis, 1982;Ma & Leung, 1991;Ma, Shek, Cheung, & Lee, 1996). The present study was cross-sectional, and further studies should include a longitudinal design, to explore the causes and effects among the variables.…”

Section: Hypothesis Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relation of Academic Achievement, Family and Classroom Social Environment, and Peer Interactions to Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior of Chinese Children

Keung

2003

An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

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The present study investigated the relation of academic achievement, family and classroom social environment, and peer interactions to prosocial and antisocial behavior of Chinese children in elementary schools. Five hypotheses were empirically tested: (1) Academic achievement is associated positively with prosocial behavior, and negatively with delinquent behavior; (2) family social environment is associated positively with prosocial behavior, and negatively with delinquent behavior; (3) classroom social environment is associated positively with prosocial behavior, and negatively with delinquent behavior; (4) prosocial behavior of children is associated positively with positive peer influence, and delinquent behavior is associated positively with negative peer influence; and (5) prosocial behavior of children is associated positively with peer's prosocial behavior, and delinquent behavior is associated positively with peer's delinquent behavior. All the hypotheses, except Hypothesis 3, were clearly supported by the data. Hypothesis 3 was only partially supported by the data.Key words: prosocial and antisocial behavior, academic achievement, family and classroom social environment, peer interactions Current research on child and adolescent behavior tends to emphasize either prosocial or antisocial behavior, but seldom are both kinds of behavior investigated in a single study (e.g., for prosocial behavior, see Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998; for antisocial and delinquent behavior, see Coie & Dodge, 1998). To fill this research gap, the present study investigated both the prosocial and antisocial behavior of Chinese children in one setting. It also explored the relation of these child social behaviors with academic achievement, family and classroom environment, and peer interactions.The prosocial and antisocial behaviors in the present study are defined based on Ma, Shek, Cheung, and Lee's (1996) study. The prosocial behavior refers to altruistic, socially acceptable or normative behavior -for examples, giving gifts to parents, helping people with disabilities to cross the road, apologizing to others after committing a misdeed, and serving as volunteer worker. The major antisocial and delinquent behavior in adolescents refers to the following: (1) general deviance such as theft, cheating on exams and coming to school late; (2) defying parents -for example, shouting at one's father or mother or going against your parents' wishes; and (3) aggressiveness, such as group fist fighting.

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Section: Hypothesis Testingsupporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hypothesis Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relation of Academic Achievement, Family and Classroom Social Environment, and Peer Interactions to Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior of Chinese Children

Keung

2003

An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

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“…Thus, the rating of the DB or PB score is from 1.0 to 7.0. The reliability and validity of ABQ scores were demonstrated to be good in studies by Ma and Leung (1991) and Ma et al (1996). The reliability of the ABQ scores is usually in the .80s to .90s.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation of Altruistic Orientation to Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior of Chinese Children

Keung

2007

PSYCHOLOGIA -An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

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Few studies in literature have explored the relation of altruistic orientation with prosocial and antisocial behavior of primary school and junior high school students in a single design. The present study attempted to fill this research gap. In particular, the present study also investigates the relation of human relationships and altruism with prosocial and delinquent behavior across different situations. The major findings are summarized as follows: (1) Delinquent behavior increased with age but prosocial behavior did not change significantly with age. (2) The tendency of an actor to sacrifice his or her life for a recipient decreased with age, and it associated negatively with delinquent behavior. (3) The tendency of an actor to give up rescuing a stranger and turn to rescue another stranger or an enemy in danger decreased with age, and it associated negatively with delinquent behavior. (4) The tendency of an actor to help a recipient by covering up his or her crime increased with age, and it associated positively with delinquent behavior. (5) The altruistic orientation did not correlate significantly with prosocial behavior.Key words: altruistic orientation, prosocial behavior, antisocial behavior Do moral orientations in hypothetical dilemmas predict real-life prosocial and antisocial behavior? If the measures of moral orientation do predict effectively the social behavior of children, then it may be possible to foster the development of moral orientation in order to increase the frequency of prosocial behavior and to decrease or prevent the occurrence of antisocial behavior. The present study investigates the relation of altruistic orientation to prosocial and antisocial behavior. The findings may provide some insights for educators and psychologists to help children develop a positive social behavior pattern.Generally speaking, the altruistic orientation is concerned with some important features of the affective and motivational aspects of moral development. In this study, the altruistic orientations were studied by using a set of hypothetical moral dilemmas. The present study focuses on the altruistic orientation toward people of different relationships in different dilemma situations. The following Hierarchy of Human Relationships is hypothetically constructed for the present study: R1 = First kin, close relatives; R2 = Best friends or intimates; R3 = Strangers who are very weak (e.g., a blind person) or very young (e.g., a small child of six years old), or who are elites of the society (e.g., a famous

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Prosocial Development

Eisenberg

Fabes

Spinrad

2007

Handbook of Child Psychology

1,379

154

2,039

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Altruistic Orientation in Children: Construction and Validation of the Child Altruism Inventory

Cited by 47 publications

References 24 publications

The Relation of Academic Achievement, Family and Classroom Social Environment, and Peer Interactions to Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior of Chinese Children

The Relation of Academic Achievement, Family and Classroom Social Environment, and Peer Interactions to Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior of Chinese Children

The Relation of Altruistic Orientation to Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior of Chinese Children

Prosocial Development

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