Aluminum deoxidation equilibrium in liquid Fe-16 pct Cr alloy

“…Although aluminum is one of the strongest deoxidizers, [3,4] the deoxidation product alumina can be harmful to the final product. In addition, inclusions containing MgO can be generated from several sources including ferroalloys with a certain amount of Mg, [5] ladle and tundish refractories such as MgO-graphite or MgO-CaO-graphite bricks, [1] and ladle slag containing MgO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Inclusions in Ti-Stabilized 17Cr Austenitic Stainless Steel

Yin

Sun

Yang

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans B

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The behavior and formation mechanisms of inclusions in Ti-stabilized, 17Cr Austenitic Stainless Steel produced by the ingot casting route were investigated through systematic sampling of liquid steel and rolled products. Analysis methods included total oxygen and nitrogen contents, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The results indicate that the composition of inclusions was strongly dependent on the types of added alloying agents. During the AOD refining process, after the addition of ferrosilicon alloy and electrolytic manganese, followed by aluminum, the composition of inclusions changed from manganese silicate-rich inclusions to alumina-rich inclusions. After tapping and titanium wire feeding, pure TiN particles and complex inclusions with Al 2 O 3 -MgO-TiO x cores containing TiN were found to be the dominant inclusions when [pct Ti] was 0.307 mass pct in the molten steel. These findings were confirmed by thermodynamic calculations which indicated that there was a driving force for TiN inclusions to be formed in the liquid phase due to the high contents of [Ti] and [N] in the molten steel. From the start of casting through to the rolled bar, there was no further change in the composition of inclusions compared to the titanium addition stage. Stringer-shaped TiN inclusions were observed in the rolled bar. These inclusions were elongated along the rolling direction with lengths varying from 17 to 84 lm and could have a detrimental impact on the corrosion resistance as well as the mechanical properties of the stainless steel products.

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“…When P O 2 ¼ 10 À10 atm, Ti 5 Table IV and the solute contents of molten iron in Table III. The phase diagram at P O 2 ¼ 10 À12 atm in Figure 9(e) corresponds to the average value of oxygen activity based on Eqs. [3] and [4] in this study.…”

Section: B Thermodynamic Calculation Of Mg-al-ti-o Complex Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…[1] Aluminum is one of the most popular deoxidizers due to its strong ability of deoxidation. [2][3][4] The only three possible sources of Mg are as follows: (1) Some ferroalloys contain a certain amount of Mg, [4,5] (2) the ladle slag with high MgO content can be a major contributor of Mg to alumina inclusions in steel causing the formation of spinel inclusions, [2,[6][7][8] and (3) the other possible source of MgO in inclusions are ladle lining and tundish lining because MgO-graphite and MgOCaO-graphite bricks are extensively used as the lining refractory at steel mills. [9] Therefore, MgO-containing inclusions are almost unavoidable in steel.…”

Section: As the Demand For Cleaner Steels Increases Everymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and Thermodynamics of Mg-Al-Ti-O Complex Inclusions in Mg-Al-Ti-Deoxidized Steel

Ren

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2014

Metall Mater Trans B

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The formation of Mg-Al-Ti-O complex inclusions in steel was investigated by laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculation. The composition evolutions of Mg-Al-Ti-O inclusions in steel with different contents of [Al], [Mg], and [Ti] were discussed. Mg-Al-Ti-O complex inclusion with high TiO x content was liquid at 1873 K (1600°C), indicating MgAl 2 O 4 spinel inclusions can be modified to low melting temperature ones by combining TiO x component. The stability diagram of Al-Mg-Ti-O system inclusions in the molten steel at 1873 K (1600°C) was calculated, considering many kinds of oxide inclusions such as , and liquid inclusion. The thermodynamic calculations are in good agreement with experimental results, which can predict the formation of Al-Mg-Ti-O complex inclusions in molten steel with a large concentration range of [Al], [Mg], and [Ti].

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Aluminum deoxidation equilibrium in liquid Fe-16 pct Cr alloy

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Effect of Mg Addition on the Evolution of Inclusions in Al–Ca Deoxidized Melts

Effect of Mg Addition on the Evolution of Inclusions in Al–Ca Deoxidized Melts

Formation of Inclusions in Ti-Stabilized 17Cr Austenitic Stainless Steel

Formation and Thermodynamics of Mg-Al-Ti-O Complex Inclusions in Mg-Al-Ti-Deoxidized Steel

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