Aluminum Phosphate Nanoplates Synthesized via Green Method Using Cork Oak Somatic Embryo-Derived Phytates

Abstract

This study presents a novel green synthesis method for aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) nanoplates using extracts from Quercus suber somatic embryos. Traditionally, metallic nanoparticles are synthesized using harmful chemical reagents and solvents, but our approach leverages bioactive compounds, such as phytic acid (IP6) from plant extracts, offering a more sustainable alternative. We observed a high phosphate content of 23.6 μMol PO43−/mg dry weight (DW) in the extracts, which is significantly higher than in other Quercus species. Characterization through UV–VIS spectroscopy and XRD confirmed the formation of complex crystal nanoplates, where anisotropic aluminum phosphate with a triclinic crystal structure coexists with monoclinic structures, both forms of aluminum phosphate tridymite. Electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) revealed the hierarchical organization of these nanoplates, distinguishing them from the more commonly observed spherical nanoparticles. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy further validated the incorporation of phytic acid into the nanoplate structure. This innovative method not only advances sustainable nanomaterial synthesis but also demonstrates the potential for unique optical and structural properties in aluminum phosphate nanoplates, paving the way for future applications in specialized fields.