Anodic oxidation is used to improve the wear resistance and surface properties of aluminum alloys. In this study, the effect of two different anodic oxidation (hard anodizing and phosphoric coating) on the wear properties of 2017A aluminum alloy used as a model aircraft engine piston was investigated. In order to determine the effect of anodic oxidation, microhardness, friction coefficient, wear resistance, vibration, and worn surface images of the samples were evaluated. It was concluded that anodic oxidation significantly improved the hardness, friction coefficient, and wear resistance of the samples.