alutary Effects of anti-Clostridium perfringens Type A Egg Yolk Antibodies (IgY) on Growth Performance and Hemato-Biochemical Parameters in Experimentally Infected Broiler Chicken

Abstract

Ever since the reduction of antimicrobial growth promoters in animal feed, infectious diseases have re-emerged in certain parts of the world, necrotic enteritis (NE) for one. The current study determines the protective efficacy of egg yolk antibodies (EYAs) in experimentally infected broiler chicken. Eighty (80), day-old broiler chickens were procured and divided into four groups (G1-G4). Group G1 served as a negative control, while G2 served as positive control viz infected with C. perfringens type A (1 x 10 8 cfu/ml) from days 17-19 of the experiment. Groups G3 and G4 immunized passively with anti-clostridial IgY @ 1 ml per bird between days 21-24 via oral route, while 22nd and 24th days via I/M route, respectively. Two killings were performed (days 26th and 35th) and the birds were observed for growth performance, hematology and serum biochemistry. The study results showed a statistically significant decrease in growth, hematology and serum protein values, while elevation in serum enzyme values of the birds in group G2 when compared to group G1. The groups G3 and G4 (passively immunized) showed the values less affected and close to the physiological ranges. Hence it was concluded that anti-clostridial EYAs (IgY) has ameliorative effects against experimental clostridial infection in broiler chicken.

The effect of betaine on broilers infected experimentally with Clostridium perfringens

“…A rise in serum creatinine as a result of C. perfringens infection in this study is consistent with the worsening kidney damage that may result from systemic issues. These results are consistent with those of (Abd El-Hamid et al, 2017 andAbadeen et al, 2021). In the current study, betaine restored kidney function and returned the metabolite to normal levels.…”

“…In our study, blood serum TP, albumin, and globulins decreased, whereas the A/G ratio increased in C. perfringens IG. These results were nearly achieved by (El-Sheikh et al, 2018;and Abadeen et al, 2021). It is well known that C. perfringens causes a potent inflammatory reaction and can facilitate the excretion of substantial amounts of dietary protein in the feces (Abudabos et al, 2018).…”

“…Infection with C. perfringens disrupts protein metabolism, osmoregulatory homeostasis, liver enzyme activity and kidney functions (Abd El-Hamid et al, 2017;Abadeen et al, 2021). Coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis (NE) are two common diseases that can occur simultaneously in chickens.…”

Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: A Review on the Pathogen, Pathogenesis, and Prevention

“…Pure maternal antibodies or egg yolks from immunized chickens containing pathogen-specific maternal antibodies can be used as a feed additive to protect chicks [ 223 ]. These pathogen-specific egg yolk antibodies can neutralize enteric pathogens and hence decrease the incidence or ameliorate the pathologic effects of enteric diseases in poultry [ 224 ].…”

“…Oral administration of anti-clostridial IgY increases feed intake and improves weight gain in infected birds. It also decreases morbidity and mortality in infected birds [ 224 ]. Hence, anti-clostridial IgY harvested from egg yolk is used as an alternative to antibiotics for the passive immunization of broiler chickens against NE outbreak.…”