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Gren, Ing‐Marie; Jannke, Paul J.; Elofsson, Katarina

doi:10.1023/a:1026497515871

Cited by 92 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In spite of the large difference in cost estimates between this study and the one by Gren et al. (1997) the qualitative results are rather similar, confirming that uniform, proportional reductions in all countries will imply unnecessarily high costs for meeting nutrient targets and that low-cost countries are unlikely to prefer a cost-efficient allocation of the abatement burden to a proportional one.…”

Section: Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…(1997), was published in 1997 and includes estimation of the costs for different reductions in the coastal loads of nitrogen and phosphorus. One major finding in the study is that a policy with uniform, proportional reduction targets for all countries around the Baltic Sea could imply four times larger costs than the cost-efficient solution when nutrients are reduced by 50%.…”

Section: Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the results in Gren et al. (1997),2 Neumann and Schernewski (2005) compare the impact on the sea of the two policies and conclude that on the overall, differences between the strategies are small, but with cost-efficient reductions the environmental improvements in coastal regions in the southern part of the Baltic Sea will be larger.…”

Section: Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Costs for the combined policy analyzed in COWI (2007) are considerably higher than the cost-efficient solution which gives the same environmental effect in Gren et al. (1997) or Gren (2008a). One important reason is that the scenario in COWI (2007) is not a cost-efficient one, but the outcome of a limited set of more arbitrarily chosen combination of policy measures 4.…”

Section: Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Costs of Meeting the Environmental Objectives for the Baltic Sea: A Review of the Literature

Elofsson

2010

AMBIO

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The environmental targets of the recently agreed Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP) targets are likely associated with a considerable cost, which motivates a search for low-cost policies. The following review shows there is a substantial literature on cost-efficient nutrient reduction strategies, including suggestions regarding low-cost abatement, but actual policies at international and national scale tend to be considerably more expensive due to lack of instruments that ensure a cost-efficient allocation of abatement across countries and sectors. Economic research on the costs of reducing hazardous substances and oil spill damages in the Baltic Sea is not available, but lessons from the international literature suggest that resources could be used more efficiently if appropriate analysis is undertaken. Common to these pollution problems is the need to ensure that all countries in the region are provided with positive incentives to implement international agreements.

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Section: Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Costs of Meeting the Environmental Objectives for the Baltic Sea: A Review of the Literature

Elofsson

2010

AMBIO

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“…In this section the possibilites for extending the two pragmatic CEA approaches previously discussed are explored in order to gain insight into the applicability of the two approaches at the river basin level. Although there are other options to perform CEA at the river basin level using more extensive modelling approaches-possibilities are linear programming models (Gren et al, 1997) and linear quadratic models (van der Veeren, 2002)-we consider these approaches too unpragmatic in terms of expertise and information requirements and too untransparent when it comes to the derivation of programmes of measures to be considered suitable for the implementation of the WFD. It is for this reason that we do not elaborate on these approaches in this paper and focus on an extension of the pragmatic CEA approaches to the river basin level.…”

Section: Extension Of the Two Approaches To Cea At The River Basin Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-effectiveness analysis for the implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive

Engelen

Seidelin²,

Veeren

et al. 2008

Water Policy

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The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) prescribes cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) as an economic tool for the minimisation of costs when formulating programmes of measures to be implemented in the European river basins by the year 2009. The WFD does not specify, however, which approach to CEA has to be taken by the EU member states. In this paper the lack of a standardised approach to CEA for the implementation of the WFD is taken as the point of departure. The aim of the paper is to discuss and evaluate two pragmatic approaches to CEA based on case studies recently performed in The Netherlands and Denmark. The case studies allow for the comparison of a quantitative and a qualitative approach to CEA at the water body and river basin level and for an evaluation of the approaches in terms of their practical applicability, their transparency and the extent to which they render sound results for decision-making. Conclusions are drawn with regard to the suitability of the two approaches for the implementation of the EU WFD.

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Mediterranean wetlands: archaeology, ecology, and sustainability

2017

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We propose a long-term view of the evolution of human-environment interactions within Mediterranean wetlands, from prehistory to the present day, based on available published works. Our aim is to consider the sustainable use of these landscapes, past, present, and future, integrating perspectives from archaeology, ecology, and sustainable development. After briefly introducing the physiographic and ecological processes that characterize Mediterranean wetlands and the ecosystem services they provide to human populations, we consider their significance for three major questions in European archaeology: the Neanderthal extinction and the spread of modern humans, the introduction and spread of agriculture, human environmental impact since the Bronze and Iron ages. We then proceed with historical evidence of intentional transformation of Mediterranean wetlands by means of land reclamation, from the Classical to Medieval periods and into Modern times, before considering the current state of Mediterranean wetlands and the challenges they are facing in the present day. The preservation of wetlands has now become a priority issue at European level and generates concern for local communities and governing bodies, concerning biodiversity, maintenance of key services and cultural preservation. Based on the review of key events in the dynamic relationship between human populations and Mediterranean wetlands, we end by exploring available initiatives, tools and strategies to assess and support their conservation, governance and sustainable development, present and future.

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Untitled

Cited by 92 publications

References 6 publications

The Costs of Meeting the Environmental Objectives for the Baltic Sea: A Review of the Literature

The Costs of Meeting the Environmental Objectives for the Baltic Sea: A Review of the Literature

Cost-effectiveness analysis for the implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive

Mediterranean wetlands: archaeology, ecology, and sustainability

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