We used a polydonal antibody and a mixture of three monoclonal antibodies (MAb), all recognizing the protein core of the s m a l l dermatan sulfate proteoglycan (DSPG) (known as PG-II or decorin) derived from human skin fibroblasts, to immunolocalize this molecule in the characteristic lesions in Alzheimer's brain. All antibodies demonstrated positive decorin immunoStaining in both the amyloid deposits of neuritic plaques (NPs) and the filamentous structures within neurofbrillaty tangles (NFTs). Unlike heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), which tend to be evenly distributed throughout NPs containing amyloid fibrils, decorin was pri-