Alzheimer’s Disease: Screening Biomarkers Using Frequency Doubling Technology Visual Field

Valenti, Denise A.

doi:10.1155/2013/989583

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…83 The feasibility of using FDT to screen for AD biomarkers was discussed in a recent paper. 84 Although it was demonstrated that AD individuals can respond well to the test, further larger-scale studies are required to confirm these results in individuals with AD and MCI.…”

Section: Visual Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although additional studies are essential to reconcile these results, such visual field deficits could reflect differential thinning of the retina in AD or differences in pathology affecting primary visual cortex (VI) . The feasibility of using FDT to screen for AD biomarkers was discussed in a recent paper . Although it was demonstrated that AD individuals can respond well to the test, further larger‐scale studies are required to confirm these results in individuals with AD and MCI.…”

Section: Visual Dysfunction In Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oculo‐visual changes and clinical considerations affecting older patients with dementia

Armstrong

Kergoat

2015

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Purpose Dementia is associated with various alterations of the eye and visual function. Over 60% of cases are attributable to Alzheimer's disease, a significant proportion of the remainder to vascular dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies, while frontotemporal dementia, and Parkinson's disease dementia are less common. This review describes the oculo‐visual problems of these five dementias and the pathological changes which may explain these symptoms. It further discusses clinical considerations to help the clinician care for older patients affected by dementia. Recent findings Visual problems in dementia include loss of visual acuity, defects in colour vision and visual masking tests, changes in pupillary response to mydriatics, defects in fixation and smooth and saccadic eye movements, changes in contrast sensitivity function and visual evoked potentials, and disturbance of complex visual functions such as in reading ability, visuospatial function, and the naming and identification of objects. Pathological changes have also been reported affecting the crystalline lens, retina, optic nerve, and visual cortex. Clinically, issues such as cataract surgery, correcting the refractive error, quality of life, falls, visual impairment and eye care for dementia have been addressed. Summary Many visual changes occur across dementias, are controversial, often based on limited patient numbers, and no single feature can be regarded as diagnostic of any specific dementia. Nevertheless, visual hallucinations may be more characteristic of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia than Alzheimer's disease or frontotemporal dementia. Differences in saccadic eye movement dysfunction may also help to distinguish Alzheimer's disease from frontotemporal dementia and Parkinson's disease dementia from dementia with Lewy bodies. Eye care professionals need to keep informed of the growing literature in vision/dementia, be attentive to signs and symptoms suggestive of cognitive impairment, and be able to adapt their practice and clinical interventions to best serve patients with dementia.

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Section: Visual Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Visual Dysfunction In Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Oculo‐visual changes and clinical considerations affecting older patients with dementia

Armstrong

Kergoat

2015

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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“…Whether the navigational impairments in these cognitive normal older adults may be a pre-clinical sign of AD may require further longitudinal assessments, possibly in combination with genetic risk factors. In addition, further studies are required to delineate the relationship between motion processing impairments in AD and what may be a fundamental insensitivity to the temporal dynamics of visual stimuli (204, 205), possibly linked to underlying retinal pathology (192, 206), and genetic risk factors for AD.…”

Section: Visual System In Aging and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

At the interface of sensory and motor dysfunctions and Alzheimer's disease

Albers

Gilmore

Kaye

et al. 2014

Alzheimer's & Dementia

485

379

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Recent evidence indicates that sensory and motor changes may precede the cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by several years and may signify increased risk of developing AD. Traditionally, sensory and motor dysfunctions in aging and AD have been studied separately. To ascertain the evidence supporting the relationship between age-related changes in sensory and motor systems and the development of AD and to facilitate communication between several disciplines, the National Institute on Aging held an exploratory workshop titled “Sensory and Motor Dysfunctions in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease”. The scientific sessions of the workshop focused on age-related and neuropathological changes in the olfactory, visual, auditory, and motor systems, followed by extensive discussion and hypothesis generation related to the possible links among sensory, cognitive, and motor domains in aging and AD. Based on the data presented and discussed at this workshop, it is clear that sensory and motor regions of the CNS are affected by Alzheimer pathology and that interventions targeting amelioration of sensory-motor deficits in AD may enhance patient function as AD progresses.

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“…Humphrey automated perimetry has been used in VF testing between AD patients and age-matched controls and has shown that the sensitivity losses occur particularly in the inferior hemifield of AD patients, and furthermore that degree of loss correlated with degree of dementia ( 55 ). VF testing with frequency doubling technology (FDT) also found that AD patients had VF deficits as compared to age-matched controls ( 56 ).…”

Section: Visual Manifestations Of Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual and Ocular Manifestations of Alzheimer’s Disease and Their Use as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Progression

Javaid¹,

Brenton²,

Guo³

et al. 2016

Front. Neurol.

142

120

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia affecting the growing aging population today, with prevalence expected to rise over the next 35 years. Clinically, patients exhibit a progressive decline in cognition, memory, and social functioning due to deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) protein and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein. These pathological hallmarks of AD are measured either through neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, or diagnosed post-mortem. Importantly, neuropathological progression occurs in the eye as well as the brain, and multiple visual changes have been noted in both human and animal models of AD. The eye offers itself as a transparent medium to cerebral pathology and has thus potentiated the development of ocular biomarkers for AD. The use of non-invasive screening, such as retinal imaging and visual testing, may enable earlier diagnosis in the clinical setting, minimizing invasive and expensive investigations. It also potentially improves disease management and quality of life for AD patients, as an earlier diagnosis allows initiation of medication and treatment. In this review, we explore the evidence surrounding ocular changes in AD and consider the biomarkers currently in development for early diagnosis.

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Alzheimer’s Disease: Screening Biomarkers Using Frequency Doubling Technology Visual Field

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Oculo‐visual changes and clinical considerations affecting older patients with dementia

Oculo‐visual changes and clinical considerations affecting older patients with dementia

At the interface of sensory and motor dysfunctions and Alzheimer's disease

Visual and Ocular Manifestations of Alzheimer’s Disease and Their Use as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Progression

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