Alzheimer's Target and the Treatment Progression of Classic and New Clinical Drugs

Abstract

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a traditional neurodegeneration disease in the world. In 1906, this disease is first described by German Neuroscientist, Alois Alzheimer, and it is named by this scientist, ‘Alzheimer’. Although 4-5% of patient carry AD at middle age, which is the Early- onset Alzheimer’s Disease. Normally, the average onset age of AD is above 65. The symptom of AD including dementia, loss of memory, cognitive impairment and eventually it will accelerate the death of aged people. There are two pathological factors that cause people have AD’s symptom: Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFTs). Focus on that, this review will mainly introduce two medicine treatments that target those two factors: The classical cholinergic medicine Donepezil and The Novel Lithium medicine that has been proved to treat AD since 2012. This article will describe the pathology of AD briefly; focus on those two medicines, the functional mechanism, effectiveness to AD and limitation will be described also.