Amalgamation and Hypodescent: The Question of Ethnoracial Mixture in the History of the United States

Hollinger, David A.

doi:10.1086/529971

Cited by 90 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…After the First Reconstruction, racially discriminatory laws and practices in the United States quickly developed around rules of classification that accorded blacks inferior status regardless of their degree of mixture and white ancestry, known as hypodescent or more commonly referred to as the 'one drop of blood rule' (Hollinger 2003). In legal practices and Jim Crow norms, even blacks with the fairest skin and most Eurocentric features would be treated, segregated, and discriminated against as black.…”

Section: Why Color and Phenotype?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Electoral Consequences of Skin Color: The “Hidden” Side of Race in Politics

Weaver

2011

Polit Behav

151

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Despite the significant role that skin color plays in material well-being and social perceptions, scholars know little if anything about whether skin color and afrocentric features influence political cognition and behavior and specifically, if intraracial variation in addition to categorical difference affects the choices of voters. Do more phenotypically black minorities suffer an electoral penalty as they do in most aspects of life? This study investigates the impact of color and phenotypically black facial features on candidate evaluation, using a nationally representative survey experiment of over 2000 whites. Subjects were randomly assigned to campaign literature of two opposing candidates, in which the race, skin color and features, and issue stance of candidates was varied. I find that afrocentric phenotype is an important, albeit hidden, form of bias in racial attitudes and that the importance of race on candidate evaluation depends largely on skin color and afrocentric features. However, like other racial cues, color and black phenotype don't influence voters' evaluations uniformly but vary in magnitude and direction across the gender and partisan makeup of the electorate in theoretically explicable ways. Ultimately, I argue, scholars of race politics, implicit racial bias, and minority candidates are missing an important aspect of racial bias.

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Section: Why Color and Phenotype?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Electoral Consequences of Skin Color: The “Hidden” Side of Race in Politics

Weaver

2011

Polit Behav

151

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“…In this manner, symbolics of blood encompass all conventions around the body, its reproduction, and the means by which goods and materials and rights and obligations move through these corporealities as markers of inheritance. This discursive play is also found in what David Hollinger has called the hypodescent of race politics in the US (Hollinger 2003; see also Fields 2003, and Munasinghe in this volume).…”

Section: The Genealogical Societymentioning

confidence: 67%

What's Love Got to Do with It? The Race of Freedom and the Drag of Descent

Povinelli¹

2005

Social Analysis

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Intimate VoyagesAs long as there was race, there was the savage. Tribes would come later as those who invented their descending lines and segmentable surfaces projected them into the classical past of gens and phatries. And as long as there were savages, there were infidels. Christianity, defeated in the old Jerusalem, established a New Jerusalem through conquest and settlement, conversion and genocide, enslavement and rectitude in the Americas and Pacific. Some savages would be bestowed with cultures and some religions with the power of enlightenment. And yet, in the shadow of the enlightenment project, all of these social figures and social histories seem to collapse into a unilinear process of historical descent-the Crusades begat voyages of discovery, which begat the problem of the twentieth century, namely, the color line and the international division of colonizer and colonizer, the North and the South, the East and the West, the politics of recognition and the refusals of secularism-and a univocal problem of race, racialization, and racism. Race seems to have begat race: what makes discourse of tribalism, racism, and the savage slot seem 'the same' and seem different than the national citizen/subject is that they are all the effect of the same razza (lineage). Their actual social divergences and specificities are bled out. "But he who listens to history finds that things have no pre-existing essence, or an essence fabricated piecemeal from alien forms" (Foucualt 1984: 78).This brief essay suggests another way of understanding what constitutes these social figures and social histories into one constellation. I suggest how discourses of individual freedom and social constraint-what I call autological and genealogical imaginaries-animate and articulate the razza of savagery, tribalism, race, color, and colonialism. In this way, autology and genealogy provide the diagram and logic that collapse all the razza of race, with the result that everyone appears

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“…Based on the combination of the country of birth of the individual and of their parents, the category comprises people born in the country with two parents born abroad (Sweden, Norway and Denmark), or at least one parent born abroad (the Netherlands). The process of allocating the descendant of mixed ancestry echoes the old question of the hypodescent rule, or one drop of blood, to define racial status during the segregation period in the US (Hollinger 2003). Should those with one 'native' parent be assimilated to the majority group, or should they be considered as part of the minority group?…”

Section: Alternative Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collecting ethnic statistics in Europe: a review

Simon¹

2012

Ethnic and Racial Studies

118

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Statistics on ethnicity, if not on 'race', are common in a large number of countries around the world, but not in the western part of Europe. This divergence can be explained by legal prohibitions attached to data protection provisions and by a political reluctance to recognize and emphasize ethnic diversity in official statistics. Following different traditions of political framing, northern, central and eastern European countries have implemented different ways of collecting 'ethnic statistics'. This article provides a review of the heterogeneity of methodologies used for converting ethnicity into statistics and discusses their limitations for any potential standardization. As part of the enforcement of antidiscrimination policies, European human rights institutions are urging a reconsideration of the choice of 'colour-blind' statistics. Counting or not counting by ethnicity raises epistemological and methodological dilemmas which this article attempts to identify.

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Amalgamation and Hypodescent: The Question of Ethnoracial Mixture in the History of the United States

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

The Electoral Consequences of Skin Color: The “Hidden” Side of Race in Politics

The Electoral Consequences of Skin Color: The “Hidden” Side of Race in Politics

What's Love Got to Do with It? The Race of Freedom and the Drag of Descent

Collecting ethnic statistics in Europe: a review

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