Amaranth proteins and peptides: Biological properties and food uses

Zhu, Fan

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112405

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…These peptides from FPPs are characterized by a high content of glycine (G), as exemplified by sequences such as GGLGDVLGGLP, GEKGGIPI-GIGK, and GEGW from C. quinoa protein, broken rice protein, and Acheta domesticus . Since they contain antioxidants, they are promising as protective agents against free radicals and oxidative stress [ 2 , 10 , 38 , 40 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. Notably, the antioxidant peptides studied exhibit a common presence of lysine, which contributes to their excellent free radical scavenging properties [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the human body excretes them without any side effects [ 9 ]. Dietary nutraceuticals derived from FPPs with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity can help maintain redox homeostasis and attenuate oxidative stress [ 10 , 11 ]. With the ongoing air pollution issue that typically induces oxidative stress, it is worth investigating FPPs and their high bioactive properties, which have the potential to mitigate oxidative stress caused by air pollutants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycine-rich peptides from fermented Chenopodium formosanum sprout as an antioxidant to modulate the oxidative stress

Hsieh,

Yu,

Kuo

et al. 2023

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

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Rhizopus oligosporus was utilized in the solid-state fermentation of Chenopodiumformosanum sprouts (FCS) in a bioreactor. Subsequently, the antioxidant activity of food proteins derived from FCS was investigated. Results showed that glycine-rich peptide (GGGGGKP, G-rich peptide), identified from the <2 kDa FCS proteins, had antioxidant values. According to SwissADME, AllerTOP, ToxinPred, and BIOPEP-UWM analyses, G-rich peptide was identified as safe, non-toxic, and non-allergenic. Afterward, the peptide was examined using in silico and in vitro studies to evaluate its potential alleviating oxidative stress caused by particulate matter. This study proposed plausible mechanisms that involve the binding of G-rich peptide which inhibited phosphorylation of the v-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homologA(RELA) subunit onNF-κB pathway. The inhibition then resulted in down regulation of NF-κB transcription and genetic expression of inflammatory responses. These findings suggested that G-rich peptide from FCS proteins can potentially alleviate oxidative stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycine-rich peptides from fermented Chenopodium formosanum sprout as an antioxidant to modulate the oxidative stress

Hsieh,

Yu,

Kuo

et al. 2023

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

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“…Despite its traditional significance, detailed studies that reveal its specific pharmacological properties and phytochemical profile, particularly for metabolic diseases like diabetes and hypertension, are still scarce [26]. Much of the information about the pharmacological properties of Amaranth is based on the analysis of protein hydrolysates, which has revealed bioactive peptides that act as antidiabetics, antihypertensive, and antihypercholesterolemic [27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC-Based Metabolomic Analysis and Characterization of Amaranthus cruentus Leaf and Inflorescence Extracts for Their Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Potential

Araujo-León,

Sánchez-del Pino,

Ortiz-Andrade

et al. 2024

Molecules

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The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Amaranthus cruentus flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, catechin, hesperetin, naringenin, hesperidin, and naringin), cinnamic acid derivatives (p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid), and benzoic acids (vanillic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) as antioxidants, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive agents. An analytical method for simultaneous quantification of flavonoids, cinnamic acid derivatives, and benzoic acids for metabolomic analysis of leaves and inflorescences from A. cruentus was developed with HPLC-UV-DAD. Evaluation of linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, precision, and recovery was used to validate the analytical method developed. Maximum total flavonoids contents (5.2 mg/g of lyophilized material) and cinnamic acid derivatives contents (0.6 mg/g of lyophilized material) were found in leaves. Using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, the maximum total betacyanin contents (74.4 mg/g of lyophilized material) and betaxanthin contents (31 mg/g of lyophilized material) were found in inflorescences. The leaf extract showed the highest activity in removing DPPH radicals. In vitro antidiabetic activity of extracts was performed with pancreatic α-glucosidase and intestinal α-amylase, and compared to acarbose. Both extracts exhibited a reduction in enzyme activity from 57 to 74%. Furthermore, the in vivo tests on normoglycemic murine models showed improved glucose homeostasis after sucrose load, which was significantly different from the control. In vitro antihypertensive activity of extracts was performed with angiotensin-converting enzyme and contrasted to captopril; both extracts exhibited a reduction of enzyme activity from 53 to 58%. The leaf extract induced a 45% relaxation in an ex vivo aorta model. In the molecular docking analysis, isoamaranthin and isogomphrenin-I showed predictive binding affinity for α-glucosidases (human maltase-glucoamylase and human sucrase-isomaltase), while catechin displayed binding affinity for human angiotensin-converting enzyme. The data from this study highlights the potential of A. cruentus as a functional food.

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“…This situation is overshadowed by the brightness of a food gem, which raises interest in its nutritional and functional properties. It should be noted that the leaves and flowers of amaranth have a high antioxidant activity compared with other parts of the plant and many other traditional leafy greens [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Production Scenario and Functional Potential of the Whole Amaranth Plant: A Review

Peña,

Minguez,

Escobar

2024

Agricultural Sciences

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Amaranth grain is a pseudocereal that has been widely studied, standing out as a gluten-free seed and plant-based protein source. Amaranth seeds have been associated with functional properties and attractive medical benefits. Besides the seeds themselves, various other parts of the plant possess significant nutritional and functional value. Thus, on one hand, this chapter summarizes an overview of amaranth seeds, leaves, and flowers. Apart from this, recent research and studies have reported on amaranth’s composition, its uses, and potential benefits for human health. This chapter also offers insight into the global socioeconomic scenario of farmers and producers. Possible strategies that include biotechnology, ingredient innovation, and ethical biotrade have been proposed here. These three fronts, acting synergistically, would exploit the considerable diversity of these species and promote programs to improve the value chain and, therefore, the life quality of their communities.

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Amaranth proteins and peptides: Biological properties and food uses

Cited by 13 publications

References 132 publications

Glycine-rich peptides from fermented Chenopodium formosanum sprout as an antioxidant to modulate the oxidative stress

Glycine-rich peptides from fermented Chenopodium formosanum sprout as an antioxidant to modulate the oxidative stress

HPLC-Based Metabolomic Analysis and Characterization of Amaranthus cruentus Leaf and Inflorescence Extracts for Their Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Potential

Current Production Scenario and Functional Potential of the Whole Amaranth Plant: A Review

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