Amaranthus hybridus Linn. leaf extract ameliorates oxidative stress and hepatic damage abnormalities induced by thioacetamide in rats

Ejiofor, Emmanuel U.; Oyedemi, Sunday O.; Onoja, Samuel O.; Ndukaku, Omeh Yusuf

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2021.10.029

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The result reported for zinc and iron in the seed oil for this study was lower than the value reported for these minerals in the seed flour of M. flagellipes (32.60 ± 0.14 and 6.40 ± 0.03 mg/100g respectively) [40] and leaves (57.08 ± 8.44 and 5.83 ± 3.14 respectively) as reported by Ihedioha and Okoye [13]. This difference can be attributed to various factors ranging from the source of minerals to planting season, soil type, climate, and genetic and environmental factors [41][42]. Sickle cell anemia has been linked with zinc deficiency, making zinc supplementation in the diet helpful to manage or prevent some clinical manifestations [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Phytochemistry, Mineral Estimation, Nutritional, and the In Vitro Anti-Sickling Potentials of Oil Extracted from the Seeds of Mucuna Flagellipes

Ejiofor,

Ako,

Kube

et al. 2024

J. Mex. Chem. Soc.

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Abstract. Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder indicative of red blood cells becoming sickle-shaped. The study investigated the in vitro anti-sickling potentials of the seed oil of M. flagellipes. The phytochemistry (fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals) was also determined using standard protocols. Finally, nutritional calculations on the oil were performed to determine its suitability for nutritional purposes. The result showed high zinc content (780 ± 2.50 µg/ 100 mg), while low iron content was observed (170 ± 1.30 µg/ 100 mg). Vitamin analysis showed the presence of vitamins A, E and K with values of 220 ± 1.60, 370 ± 2.20, and 197 ± 0.23 µg/100 mg respectively. The fatty acid profile revealed oleic (31.87 %) and linoleic (18.30 %) fatty acids as the major unsaturated fat in the oil, while palmitic fatty acid (5.91 %) was the major saturated fatty acid. Nutritional calculations showed high PUFA/SFA (2.07), MUFA/SFA (3.62), and UI (68.47). However, the index of thrombogenicity (0.07) and atherogenicity (0.11) was low in the seed oil. Finally, the in vitro anti-sickling potentials of the seed oil showed the oil inhibited and reversed sickling in a dose-dependent manner. Hbs polymerization was also inhibited and Fe2+/Fe3+ was upregulated following treatment with the seed oil. Collectively, the oil showed good anti-sickling potentials, which can be labelled to the presence of zinc, vitamins and unsaturated fat. The nutritional calculations suggest that the seed oil is cardio-friendly and does not pose any nutritional threat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Phytochemistry, Mineral Estimation, Nutritional, and the In Vitro Anti-Sickling Potentials of Oil Extracted from the Seeds of Mucuna Flagellipes

Ejiofor,

Ako,

Kube

et al. 2024

J. Mex. Chem. Soc.

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“…TAA is a powerful hepato- and nephrotoxic agent that is widely used to establish a reproducible model of acute liver and kidney injury [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. OA is a penta-cyclic triterpene that exists in free or glycosidic forms with one or more sugar moieties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TAA produces a state of oxidative stress because of the formation of reactive unstable metabolites (TAA-S-oxide and TAA-S-dioxide), which enhance the ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation that promotes free radical-mediated damage to cellular components (e.g., DNA, proteins, and lipids) [ 1 , 7 ]. Additionally, the TAA metabolites covalent binding to antioxidant enzymes results in a repressed cellular antioxidant capacity in the liver and kidney and eventually leads to their injuries within 6 to 12 h after TAA incorporation [ 4 , 8 ]. Furthermore, TAA produces inflammation due to the augmentation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and TNF-α (tumor-necrosis factor-alpha) [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIRT1/Nrf2/NF-κB Signaling Mediates Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Activities of Oleanolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Acute Hepatorenal Damage

Alqrad,

El-Agamy,

Ibrahim

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Background and objectives: Oleanolic acid (OA) is a penta-cyclic triterpene with diverse bioactivities such as anticarcinogenic, antiviral, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, hypolipidemic, and gastroprotective. However, its effects on hepatorenal damage remain unclear. The protective activity of OA, separated from Viscum schimperi (Loranthaceae), against TAA (thioacetamide)-produced acute hepatic and renal damage was explored. Materials and Methods: Mice were treated with OA for 7 days before TAA (200 mg/kg, i.p.). Serum indices of hepatorenal injury, pathological lesions, molecular biological indexes, and inflammatory/apoptotic genes were estimated. Results: The tissues of both organs were greatly affected by the TAA injection. That was evident through increased serum markers of hepato-renal injury as well as remarkable histopathological lesions. TAA-induced injury was associated with oxidative and inflammatory responses in both organs as there was an elevation of oxidative stress parameters (4-HNE (4-hydroxy-nonenal), MDA (malondialdehyde), NOx (nitric oxide)), decline of antioxidants (reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)), and an increase in the gene expression/level of inflammatory mediators (interleukins (1β&6)). The inflammatory response was linked to a significant activation of NF-κB (nuclear-factor kappa-B)/TNF-α (tumor-necrosis factor-alpha) signaling. The inflammatory response in both organs was accompanied by apoptotic changes, including a rise in the gene expression and level of apoptotic parameters (caspase-3 and Bax) along with a decline in Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic parameter) gene expression and level. These pathogenic events were found to be closely related to the suppression of the antioxidant signaling pathway, Nrf2 (nuclear-factor erythroid 2–related factor-2)/SIRT1 (sirtuin-1)/HO-1 (heme-oxygenase 1). On the other hand, OA significantly ameliorated TAA-induced injury in both organs. On the other hand, OA counterpoised the inflammatory response as it ameliorated NF-κB/TNF-α signaling and cytokine release. OA enhanced Nrf2/SIRT1/HO-1 signaling and counteracted apoptotic damage. Conclusions: OA showed anti-inflammation and antiapoptotic capacities that effectively suppressed TAA-induced acute hepatorenal damage.

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“…TAA is a potent hepatotoxic agent used widely to induce acute liver toxicity in an experimental rodent model by interfering in the nuclear transport of RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and increases free radicals leading to membrane injury [27,28]. TAA is a potent hepatotoxicant and undergoes bioactivation to thioacetamide sulphoxide by microsomal enzyme CYP2E1 and thioacetamide-S, S-dioxide [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Wheat Germ Oil and Olmutinib on the Thioacetamide-Induced Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Mice

Alamery

Zargar

Yaseen

et al. 2022

Life

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Thioacetamide (TAA) intoxication produces a reproducible standard animal model of induced liver and kidney injuries where free radicals are produced by phase I oxidation reactions, which eventually leads to liver and kidney failure. Wheat germ oil (WGO) is a unique food supplement with concentrated nutrient efficiency and has remarkable antioxidant functions. Olmutinib, on the other hand, is a chemotherapy drug considered safe for kidneys and the liver. Therefore, in this study, WGO and olmutinib were investigated for their effect on TAA-induced liver and kidney damage. Inflammatory markers; interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β); IL-6; and the levels of enzymatic markers ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), LDH (Lactate dehydrogenase), and CK (creatinine kinase) in serum for liver and kidney were analyzed and evaluated along with histopathological changes in the tissue. Thirty male mice 4–6 weeks of age were grouped into five groups of six animals: the control group (saline) and the other groups (Groups II to V), which were given thioacetamide for two weeks. In addition, Group II continued with TAA; Group III was given olmutinib (30 mg/kg), Group IV was given the wheat germ oil (WGO) (1400 mg/kg), and Group V was given (olmutinib (30 mg/kg) + WGO (1400 mg/kg)) for five days. The results suggested that olmutinib treatment potentiated TAA-induced liver and kidney injury. At the same time, WGO efficiently alleviated TAA and TAA–olmutinib toxicity in Groups IV and V. The histological studies also showed reduced damage with WGO in the animal model. Hence, it was concluded that WGO could significantly reduce liver and kidney damage caused by TAA and olmutinib in mice.

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Amaranthus hybridus Linn. leaf extract ameliorates oxidative stress and hepatic damage abnormalities induced by thioacetamide in rats

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

Phytochemistry, Mineral Estimation, Nutritional, and the In Vitro Anti-Sickling Potentials of Oil Extracted from the Seeds of Mucuna Flagellipes

Phytochemistry, Mineral Estimation, Nutritional, and the In Vitro Anti-Sickling Potentials of Oil Extracted from the Seeds of Mucuna Flagellipes

SIRT1/Nrf2/NF-κB Signaling Mediates Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Activities of Oleanolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Acute Hepatorenal Damage

Evaluation of the Effect of Wheat Germ Oil and Olmutinib on the Thioacetamide-Induced Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Mice

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