Ambient Air Pollution Associated with Body Fat Percentages at Different Body Compartments: A Cohort Study of UK Biobank Participants

Cai, Miao; Li, Haitao; Wu, Yinglin; Zhang, Shiyu; Wang, Xiaojie; Zhang, Zilong; Lin, Hualiang

doi:10.1289/ehp10920

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…e ) Because residential mobility might lead to exposure misclassification, we further conducted multistate analyses among the participants who did not change their residential addresses during the follow-up. 28 f ) To identify potentially susceptible populations, we conducted stratified analyses by smoking status, diabetes, and obesity to examine their potential effect modifications. Wald chi-square tests were calculated for the interaction terms to determine whether the results between subgroups were statistically different.…”

Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Air Pollution during Pre-Hypertension and Subsequent Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, and Death: A Trajectory Analysis of the UK Biobank Cohort

Zhang

Qian

Chen

et al. 2023

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: The associations between air pollution exposure and morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been widely reported; however, evidence on such associations across different dynamic disease trajectories remain unknown. Objective: We examined whether ambient air pollution during the prehypertension (pre-HTN) stage could aggravate the progression from hypertension (HTN) to CVD, and consequent death. Methods: A total of 168,010 adults with pre-HTN ( systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure) from the UK Biobank were included in this analysis. We used a multistate model to explore the associations between five air pollutants ( , absorbance, , , and ) and the risk of six disease transitions (from pre-HTN to HTN, from pre-HTN to CVD, from pre-HTN to death, from HTN to CVD, from HTN to death, and from CVD to death). Mediation analyses were further conducted to explore the role of intermediate diseases in the dynamic progression of CVDs. Results: During a median follow-up of 12 y, 13,743 (8.18%) of participants with pre-HTN developed HTN, whereas 12,825 (7.63%) and 4,467 (2.66%) directly developed CVD or died, respectively. Air pollution was positively associated with the dynamic disease progression. For example, a per-interquartile range increase of was significantly associated with the hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.105 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.083, 1.127], 1.045 (95% CI: 1.022, 1.068), and 1.086 (95% CI: 1.047, 1.126) in the transition from pre-HTN to HTN, CVD, and death, respectively. Higher levels of air pollution were associated with increased transition probability of disease progression. Mediation analyses indicated that intermediate diseases subsequently significantly mediated air pollutant-associated risk to develop more serious disease. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that air pollution might play a role in the early stages of CVD progression. Controlling air pollution might be an effective measure to prevent CVD progression and reduce the disease burden of CVD. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10967

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Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Air Pollution during Pre-Hypertension and Subsequent Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, and Death: A Trajectory Analysis of the UK Biobank Cohort

Zhang

Qian

Chen

et al. 2023

Environ Health Perspect

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“…A cross-sectional study of people aged ≥ 65 years in Taiwan showed that increased PM2.5 exposure was strongly associated with higher BF% and lower skeletal muscle mass [ 58 ]. Cai and his colleagues examined the significant positive associations between ambient air pollutant exposure and elevated BF% in participants from the UK Biobank, with the strongest associations between PM2.5 concentrations and the amount of fat at the trunk and viscera [ 59 ]. Evidence from experimental and interventional studies suggests that BF%, indicative of adipose tissue distribution, appears to possess the potential to better reflect PM2.5 exposure-associated hypertension risk than BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediating effect of body fat percentage in the association between ambient particulate matter exposure and hypertension: a subset analysis of China hypertension survey

Xue,

Li,

et al. 2023

BMC Public Health

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Background Hypertension caused by air pollution exposure is a growing concern in China. The association between air pollutant exposure and hypertension has been found to be potentiated by obesity, however, little is known about the processes mediating this association. This study investigated the association between fine particulate matter (aerodynamic equivalent diameter ≤ 2.5 microns, PM2.5) exposure and the prevalence of hypertension in a representative population in southern China and tested whether obesity mediated this association. Methods A total of 14,308 adults from 48 communities/villages in southern China were selected from January 2015 to December 2015 using a stratified multistage random sampling method. Hourly PM2.5 measurements were collected from the China National Environmental Monitoring Centre. Restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the nonlinear dose-response relationship between PM2.5 exposure and hypertension risk. The mediating effect mechanism of obesity on PM2.5-associated hypertension was tested in a causal inference framework following the approach proposed by Imai and Keele. Results A total of 20.7% (2966/14,308) of participants in the present study were diagnosed with hypertension. Nonlinear exposure-response analysis revealed that exposure to an annual mean PM2.5 concentration above 41.8 µg/m3 was associated with increased hypertension risk at an incremental gradient. 9.1% of the hypertension burden could be attributed to exposure to elevated annual average concentrations of PM2.5. It is noteworthy that an increased body fat percentage positively mediated 59.3% of the association between PM2.5 exposure and hypertension risk, whereas body mass index mediated 34.3% of this association. Conclusions This study suggests that a significant portion of the estimated effect of exposure to PM2.5 on the risk of hypertension appears to be attributed to its effect on alterations in body composition and the development of obesity. These findings could inform intersectoral actions in future studies to protect populations with excessive fine particle exposure from developing hypertension.

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“…Pack-years of smoking were calculated using the following formula: pack-years of smoking=number of cigarettes smoked per day/20 *(age stopped smoking − smoking start age). BMI was calculated by dividing the weight in kilograms by the height in metres squared and further grouped into underweight, normal, overweight and obese according to the standard set by the WHO 26 27. Participants reporting baseline occupational exposure (UK Biobank Data Field 20277) for 1 of 14 jobs associated with an increased risk (prevalence ratio ≥ 1.30) for chronic lung disease identified by De Matteis et al (online supplemental table S4)28 were classified as having an ‘at-risk’ occupation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution associated with incidence and progression trajectory of chronic lung diseases: a population-based cohort study

Wang

Chen

Cai

et al. 2023

Thorax

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BackgroundNo prior study has examined the effects of air pollution on the progression from healthy to chronic lung disease, subsequent chronic lung multimorbidity and further to death.MethodsWe used data from the UK Biobank of 265 506 adults free of chronic lung disease at recruitment. Chronic lung multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of at least two chronic lung diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. The concentrations of air pollutants were estimated using land-use regression models. Multistate models were applied to assess the effect of air pollution on the progression of chronic lung multimorbidity.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 11.9 years, 13 863 participants developed at least one chronic lung disease, 1055 developed chronic lung multimorbidity and 12 772 died. We observed differential associations of air pollution with different trajectories of chronic lung multimorbidity. Fine particulate matter showed the strongest association with all five transitions, with HRs (95% CI) per 5 µg/m3increase of 1.31 (1.22 to 1.42) and 1.27 (1.01 to 1.57) for transitions from healthy to incident chronic lung disease and from incident chronic lung disease to chronic lung multimorbidity, and 1.32 (1.21 to 1.45), 1.24 (1.01 to 1.53) and 1.91 (1.14 to 3.20) for mortality risk from healthy, incident chronic lung disease and chronic lung multimorbidity, respectively.ConclusionOur study provides the first evidence that ambient air pollution could affect the progression from free of chronic lung disease to incident chronic lung disease, chronic lung multimorbidity and death.

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Ambient Air Pollution Associated with Body Fat Percentages at Different Body Compartments: A Cohort Study of UK Biobank Participants

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Exposure to Air Pollution during Pre-Hypertension and Subsequent Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, and Death: A Trajectory Analysis of the UK Biobank Cohort

Exposure to Air Pollution during Pre-Hypertension and Subsequent Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, and Death: A Trajectory Analysis of the UK Biobank Cohort

Mediating effect of body fat percentage in the association between ambient particulate matter exposure and hypertension: a subset analysis of China hypertension survey

Air pollution associated with incidence and progression trajectory of chronic lung diseases: a population-based cohort study

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