Ambient Manipulation of Perovskites by Alternating Electric Field toward Tunable Photovoltaic Performance

Abstract

With the rapid development of hybrid metal halide perovskites, controlling and understanding their growth processes have become an important but challenging task. In this paper, alternating electric field as an effective modulation method that acts on the intermediate state in perovskite formation under ambient conditions is introduced. The morphology and microstructure of the as-formed perovskites can be effectively controlled by tuning simple physical parameters such as the frequency and amplitude, which have shown strong impact on the motion of ionic species and thus influences the formation of materials. Furthermore, the optic and electronic properties of the perovskite (such as the band position) can also be easily tuned by the field parameters. Finally, a conversion efficiency of 19.08% can be achieved in MAPbI 3 device without any doping or additional treatment, with impressive ambient and thermal stability without encapsulation. This result has not only illustrated a new physical approach for material fabrication, but also facilitates deeper understanding of the formation mechanism and generally shed light to the development of more devices and materials.

Physical Fields Manipulation for High‐Performance Perovskite Photovoltaics

“…Illustration of AEF method and corresponding morphologies: a,b) The reference flm; c,d) with AEF treatment. Reproduced with permission [21]. Copyright 2020, Wiley.…”

Interfacial and Permeating Modification Effect of n-type Non-fullerene Acceptors toward High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

“…In addition, the PVSK/PCBM + Y6 film represents a much more hydrophobic surface compared to the traditional PVSK/PCBM ones shown in the Figure h inset, which partly restrains the attack of H 2 O on the perovskite films, indicating that the PCBM + Y6 PSCs have a greater ambient tolerance. This phenomenon could be induced by the reduced surface energy of the PCBM + Y6 film, attributing to a larger contact angle, increasing from 82.1 to 96.2 o by the Young’s equation as displayed in Figure h.…”

An electric-field regulated crystallization process for enhanced performance of perovskite solar cells

“…Since the mobility of [PbI 6 ] 4À is much lower than that of organic cations (MA + and FA + ), the motion of organic cations will more likely play the main role in this process. 48 This peak shi phenomenon may be explained by the fact that the organic cations in precursor solution move to different positions around the octahedral anions in PbI 2 at different EEF times, thereby changing the interplanar spacing of the perovskite.…”