Ambient particulate air pollution, blood cell parameters, and effect modification by psychosocial stress: Findings from two studies in three major Chinese cities

Associations of Long-Term Exposure to PM2.5 and Its Constituents with Erythrocytosis and Thrombocytosis in Rural Populations

“…For instance, in a study conducted in Denmark, the research found that women who experienced a 10 µg/m 3 increase in personal PM 2.5 exposure showed a 2.6% increase in HGB and a 2.3% increase in RBC based on repeated assessments of PM 2.5 exposure [16]. Another study conducted in Chinese cities, using both panel and cross-sectional designs, found that PM 2.5 had a positive association with PLT but a negative association with RBC [13]. Researchers in the Korean Children's Environmental Health Study observed a negative correlation between indoor PM 2.5 and HGB and HCT levels [14].…”

“…Furthermore, a recent investigation in Beijing reported that elevated PM 2.5 levels were associated with a decrease in PLT [15]. These inconsistent associations may be partly attributed to differences in study design and population characteristics, such as age, gender, BMI, and psychosocial stress [13].…”

“…Briefly, the results of the QGC method include the effects of mixtures and the weight (importance) of individual exposures, and more details of these analyses are presented in Supplementary Materials. Since the effect of PM 2.5 might be modified by population characteristics such as age, gender, and BMI, [13] stratified analyses were further conducted by age groups (<65 years and ≥65 years), gender, education levels, per capita monthly income, and BMI groups (<24 kg/m 2 and ≥24 kg/m 2 ) in the present study, and the potential effect modifications were evaluated by multiplicative interactions. In addition, according to previous studies [18,19], biological relevance, and findings of the univariate analyses, the multivariable adjustment models adjusted age, gender, marital status, education level, per capita monthly income, physical activity, smoking and drinking status, high-fat diet, adequate vegetable and fruit intake, and BMI.…”

“…Previous reports have examined the impact of PM 2.5 on erythrocyte and platelet parameters, including RBC, HGB, HCT, and PLT. Nevertheless, the findings from these studies have been inconsistent and even contradictory [13][14][15][16]. These discrepancies may be attributed to differences in study design, population characteristics, and methods used for exposure assessment [13,17].…”

“…Nevertheless, the findings from these studies have been inconsistent and even contradictory [13][14][15][16]. These discrepancies may be attributed to differences in study design, population characteristics, and methods used for exposure assessment [13,17]. Additionally, the composition of PM 2.5 mixtures is another significant contributing factor, as it is the primary determinant of overall impact [18,19].…”