Ambiente, sussistenza e articolazione sociale nell’ Italia centrale tra Bronzo medio e Primo Ferro

Minniti, Claudia

doi:10.30861/9781407309873

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Between the Middle and Late Bronze Age, the relative proportion of sheep/goat increased at the expense of cattle, a shift linked to greater social differentiation and wealth accumulation via wool-producing flocks (de Grossi Mazzorin et al, 2004). This increase may have its origin in the later Middle Bronze Age, when sheep/ goat became more prominent on Apennine settlements (Minniti, 2012).…”

Section: Livestock Frequencies Bronze Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While a similar trend towards pork consumption is visible in Central Italy (Table 3, Figure 4B), this transition is less pronounced. Pig percentages at some large settlements increase during the Early Iron Age (de Grossi Mazzorin & Minniti, 2009;Minniti, 2012), so that by the ninth-eighth centuries BC pig frequencies Populonia. Yet, despite the overall trend towards a greater reliance on pork meat, the emphasis on pigs is less strong in Etruria than on Northern Etruscan settlements.…”

Section: Iron Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age cattle were primarily killed in adulthood, although other age classes were also slaughtered-a culling strategy that suggests exploitation of meat and probably milk, while ensuring a constant labour supply for agricultural work. The earliest evidence of a predominantly meat-centred production strategy in Central Italy comes from the Late Bronze Age occupation at the Campidoglio in Rome (Minniti, 2012), where the majority of cattle were culled before reaching adulthood. There is also some evidence for culling for meat during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age at Fidene, Gran Carro, and Monte Rovello, but these sites all have small samples.…”

Section: Secondary Products and The Aims Of Livestock Husbandry Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The investigation of Roman farming and agricultural economics has a long scholarly tradition which recognizes the importance of large-scale and long-distance food provisioning (e.g. Erdkamp, 2005), but these systems have been largely neglected for the first millennium BC (for recent exceptions see, for example, Motta, 2011;Minniti, 2012), and many questions remain as to how and why early urban supply systems developed as they did.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to MacKinnon's (2001MacKinnon's ( , 2004aMacKinnon's ( , 2004bMacKinnon's ( , 2010 inter-regional studies of Roman Italy, investigation of the later pre-and protohistoric periods has been more fragmented, with a tendency to divide study along modern political lines. Central Tyrrhenian Italy has been the most frequent subject of integrative and synthetic reviews (de Grossi Mazzorin, 1989de Grossi Mazzorin & Minniti, 2009;Minniti, 2012), although scholars have also recently studied eastern and southern regions (de Grossi Mazzorin, 2010;Love, 2008;Minniti, 2012). The development of Iron Age and Etruscan livestock husbandry in Northern Italy has received less attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Etruscan Foodways and Demographic Demands: Contextualizing Protohistoric Livestock Husbandry in Northern Italy

Trentacoste

2016

Eur. j. archaeol.

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Domestic livestock were a crucial part of Mediterranean communities throughout later prehistory. In the first millennium BC, livestock mangement changed, and was changed by, the rise of cities in Italy. Italian prehistory has a rich zooarchaeological tradition, but investigation of the Iron Age has been regionally divided and synthetic works on the Po valley comparatively few. This article presents a pan-regional review of late prehistoric and protohistoric livestock exploitation that considers Northern and Central Italy together for the first time. Zooarchaeological comparison reveals an increase in the use of sheep/goat for secondary products, while cattle and caprines were subject to size changes that distinguish their management from that of pigs. A marked increase in pig husbandry is visible in both regions, but this shift took place earlier and more emphatically in Northern Etruscan centres than in Central Italy. After defining the main changes in animal management during the period under review, this article looks beyond population density to explore the wider environmental, economic, and cultural context of pork consumption and its relation to the development of urbanism in Etruria padana.

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Section: Livestock Frequencies Bronze Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iron Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secondary Products and The Aims Of Livestock Husbandry Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Etruscan Foodways and Demographic Demands: Contextualizing Protohistoric Livestock Husbandry in Northern Italy

Trentacoste

2016

Eur. j. archaeol.

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Establishing the Middle Sea: The Late Bronze Age of Mediterranean Europe (1700–900 BC)

et al. 2021

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The Late Bronze Age (1700–900 BC) represents an extremely dynamic period for Mediterranean Europe. Here, we provide a comparative survey of the archaeological record of over half a millennium within the entire northern littoral of the Mediterranean, from Greece to Iberia, incorporating archaeological, archaeometric, and bioarchaeological evidence. The picture that emerges, while certainly fragmented and not displaying a unique trajectory, reveals a number of broad trends in aspects as different as social organization, trade, transcultural phenomena, and human mobility. The contribution of such trends to the processes that caused the end of the Bronze Age is also examined. Taken together, they illustrate how networks of interaction, ranging from the short to the long range, became a defining aspect of the “Middle Sea” during this time, influencing the lives of the communities that inhabited its northern shore. They also highlight the importance of research that crosses modern boundaries for gaining a better understanding of broad comparable dynamics.

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Long-Term Demographic Trends in Prehistoric Italy: Climate Impacts and Regionalised Socio-Ecological Trajectories

et al. 2021

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The Italian peninsula offers an excellent case study within which to investigate long-term regional demographic trends and their response to climate fluctuations, especially given its diverse landscapes, latitudinal range and varied elevations. In the past two decades, summed probability distributions of calibrated radiocarbon dates have become an important method for inferring population dynamics in prehistory. Recent advances in this approach also allow for statistical assessment of spatio-temporal patterning in demographic trends. In this paper we reconstruct population change for the whole Italian peninsula from the Late Mesolithic to the Early Iron Age (10,000–2800 cal yr BP). How did population patterns vary across time and space? Were fluctuations in human population related to climate change? In order to answer these questions, we have collated a large list of published radiocarbon dates (n = 4010) and use this list firstly to infer the demographic trends for the Italian peninsula as a whole, before addressing each of five sub-regions in turn (northern, central, and southern Italy, Sicily, Sardinia). We also compare population fluctuations with local paleoclimate proxies (cave, lake, marine records). At a pan-regional scale, the results show a general rapid and substantial increase in population in the Early Neolithic with the introduction of farming at around 8000 cal yr BP and further dramatic increases during the Bronze and Iron Age (~ 3800–2800 cal yr BP). However, different regional demographic trajectories exist across different regions of Italy, suggesting a variety of localised human responses to climate shifts. Population and climate appear to have been more closely correlated during the early–mid Holocene (Mesolithic–Neolithic), while later in the Holocene (Bronze–Iron Ages) they decouple. Overall, across the Holocene the population dynamics varied by region and depended on the long-term socio-ecological dynamics prevailing in a given area. Finally, we include a brief response to the paper ‘Radiocarbon dated trends and central Mediterranean prehistory’ by Parkinson et al. (J Word Prehist 34(3), 2021)—synchronously published by Journal of World Prehistory but wholly independently developed—indicating how our conclusions accord with or differ from one another.

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Ambiente, sussistenza e articolazione sociale nell’ Italia centrale tra Bronzo medio e Primo Ferro

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Etruscan Foodways and Demographic Demands: Contextualizing Protohistoric Livestock Husbandry in Northern Italy

Etruscan Foodways and Demographic Demands: Contextualizing Protohistoric Livestock Husbandry in Northern Italy

Establishing the Middle Sea: The Late Bronze Age of Mediterranean Europe (1700–900 BC)

Long-Term Demographic Trends in Prehistoric Italy: Climate Impacts and Regionalised Socio-Ecological Trajectories

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