Amblyomma mixtum Koch (Acari: Ixodidae) en ambientes peridomésticos de la Región Otomí-Tepehua, Hidalgo, México

Abstract

In Mexico, 99 tick species have been registered and 26 species of Amblyomma genus are known; the Hidalgo state does not have updated catalogs of Amblyomma spp. Between October 2019 and March 2020, were samples of ticks done in the Otomi-Tepehua Region directly from cattle, horses, dogs, cats, humans, leaf litter, weeds, resting places of animals and animal corpses. In the municipalities of Huehuetla, Tenango de Doria and San Bartolo Tutotepec were gathered 735 samples from warm weather rangelands; 494 of the no engorged ticks were randomly selected and taxonomically recognized as A. mixtum Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae). The ticks were caught from domestic hosts (n = 177), horses (n = 172), animals resting places (n = 51), humans (n = 34), animal corpses (n = 31) and cattle (n = 29). The locality that yielded the highest number of ectoparasites was Río Blanco (16.5%), followed by San Antonio (12.7%), El Canjoy (11.1%), San Isidro (9.5%) and La Esperanza Uno (8.9%); the highest infestation rates found were in horses (34.8%) and canines (32.9%), with all other host types under 10%. 13 ixodides A. mixtum were identified from humans that presented a clinical profile of fever (≥ 102.2 °F), severe muscle pain, lethargy, headache, papules and scoriations at the point of the tick bite. The tick A. mixtum is present in peridomestic environments of the Otomi Tepehua Region, where animal horses and canines serve as the principal disseminators from the rangelands to the rural housing.

Identidades indígenas en perspectivas multidisciplinarias

“…La región Otomí-Tepehua se ubica en la parte sureste del estado de Hidalgo, entre la Sierra Madre Oriental y el Altiplano del Valle de México, delimitado por los estados de Veracruz (norte, noroeste) y Puebla (sur, sureste); con una extensión de 778.6 kilómetros cuadrados, su topografía contempla valles y montañas con altitudes variables entre 300 y 1,600 meros sobre el nivel del mar; su hidrografía se compone de manantiales, ríos y arroyos de agua dulce. Existe una diversidad de microclimas, predominando el cálido y semicálido húmedo (Huehuetla, Tenango de Doria), templado húmedo (Tenango de Doria, San Bartolo Tutotepec) y templado semifrío húmedo en Tenango de Doria (Castillo-Martínez, et al, 2020).…”

“…La ubicación geográfica de la localidad está delimitada por la longitud 20° 32` 40.0, latitud -98° 03` 37.0 y una altitud de 771 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Se encuentra a una distancia aproximada de 9.14 kilómetros al noroeste de la cabecera municipal denominada Huehuetla, con una población de 1645 habitantes (Castillo-Martínez et al, 2020).…”