Amblyopia: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Options

Wu, Carolyn; Hunter, David G.

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2005.07.060

Cited by 146 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Moreover, it was found that no compelling evidence existed regarding the claim that treatment for children above 10 years of age can be useful [12]. This finding is in agreement with our results in the present study, that the early start of treatment has been shown to be important regarding treatment outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Investigating the Relationship of Visual Treatment and Rehabilitation With the Quality of Life and Visual Status in Children With Diagnosed Amblyopia

Norashrafodin

Vameghi

Hatamizadeh

et al. 2017

IRJ

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Objectives: To assess the relationship between visual rehabilitation with the quality of life and visual status in children who had been diagnosed with amblyopia in the national amblyopia screening program. Methods:Information was gathered from optometric centers in the cities of Nowshahr, Chalus, and Kelardasht, or in case it was not available, from parents of participating children. The KINDL Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire for Children was also completed by the children. Children were examined regarding visual acuity, stereopsis, strabismus, and refractive errors. Statistical tests such as one way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were used via SPSS software version 22.Results: Overall, the researchers obtained the records of 90 children with amblyopia, of which 76 were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria. The amblyopic children who did not have an early and timely start of treatment aid and did not complete treatment were the most prevalent group (38.2%). The lowest frequency (13.2%) pertained to those who did not have a timely start of treatment but experienced a completed treatment process. The highest proportion of children with entirely uncorrected amblyopia was those who had a timely start of treatment but did not complete the treatment. The majority of amblyopic children who had a completely corrected amblyopia had strictly acted in accordance with their therapist's prescription. In contrast, the majority of those children whose amblyopia was left completely untreated had not acted in accordance with the therapist's prescription. The children who had started treatment early but had not completed it obtained the lowest score on quality of life. The highest mean score was observed in the children who had completed their treatment process, either with or without an early start of the treatment. Discussion:The completion of treatment seemed to be of higher importance in the correction of amblyopia and increased the quality of life than the early start of treatment. Therefore, the authorities and therapists are recommended to pay more attention to follow-ups for completion of the treatment process and its important impact on improving eyesight and children's quality of life.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Investigating the Relationship of Visual Treatment and Rehabilitation With the Quality of Life and Visual Status in Children With Diagnosed Amblyopia

Norashrafodin

Vameghi

Hatamizadeh

et al. 2017

IRJ

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“…Graph has been modified from Guzzetta et al 54 or penalizing the preferred fellow eye, thus forcing the brain to use the visual input carried by the weaker amblyopic eye. 69 Although it is widely accepted that the reinstatement of visual functions is possible only if corrective therapy is started early in development, recent studies in rodents have unmasked a previously unsuspected potential for promoting recovery well after the end of CP (for a recent review, see Spolidoro et al 70 ). EE turned out to be very effective for treating amblyopia in adulthood.…”

Section: Rejuvenating the Adult Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurturing brain plasticity: impact of environmental enrichment

et al. 2009

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Environmental enrichment (EE) is known to profoundly affect the central nervous system (CNS) at the functional, anatomical and molecular level, both during the critical period and during adulthood. Recent studies focusing on the visual system have shown that these effects are associated with the recruitment of previously unsuspected neural plasticity processes. At early stages of brain development, EE triggers a marked acceleration in the maturation of the visual system, with maternal behaviour acting as a fundamental mediator of the enriched experience in both the foetus and the newborn. In adult brain, EE enhances plasticity in the cerebral cortex, allowing the recovery of visual functions in amblyopic animals. The molecular substrate of the effects of EE on brain plasticity is multi-factorial, with reduced intracerebral inhibition, enhanced neurotrophin expression and epigenetic changes at the level of chromatin structure. These findings shed new light on the potential of EE as a non-invasive strategy to ameliorate deficits in the development of the CNS and to treat neurological disorders.

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“…The traditional amblyopia therapy consists of patching or penalizing the fellow preferred eye, thus forcing the American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine 2 brain to use the visual input carried by the amblyopic eye [9]. Despite the belief that amblyopia is an untreatable pathology in adults, recent studies on animal models and clinical trials have challenged this picture, providing exciting evidence that intervention strategies boosting brain plasticity in adulthood may allow the reinstatement of visual functions in amblyopic subjects in any age [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Amblyopic Eye First, Wait and Do Second Eye Cataract Surgery for Isoametropia, Accomodative Esotropic Amblyopia and Congenital Cataract Case

Demirci¹,

Gülkılık²,

Özsütçü³

et al. 2013

AJMSM

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To review a case with isoametropic, accomodative esotropic amblyopia and congenital posterior polar cataract. A 12 years old child with visual acuities 2/10 -7/10, refractive error +9,00/ +7,00 and congenital cataract was observed previously for 5 years until the visual acuity of the right eye dropped 2 lines due to cataract in the more amblyopic eye. At first more amblyopic eye was operated and then we waited for 1 month to see how the amblyopic eye gains visual acuity. As the visual acuities become the same as 0,7/0,7 other eye was operated. Do amblyopic eye first, wait and do second eye surgery was very successful in our patient. Vısual acuities are 0,7/0,7 and there is no accomodative esotropia. Conclusion: If there is a challenging case with congenital cataract, isoametropic amblyopia and accomodative esotropia together, performing cataract surgery to the amblyopic eye first and postponing the surgery of second eye for the regression of amblyopia could be a choice in this kind of patients.

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Amblyopia: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Options

Cited by 146 publications

References 99 publications

Investigating the Relationship of Visual Treatment and Rehabilitation With the Quality of Life and Visual Status in Children With Diagnosed Amblyopia

Investigating the Relationship of Visual Treatment and Rehabilitation With the Quality of Life and Visual Status in Children With Diagnosed Amblyopia

Nurturing brain plasticity: impact of environmental enrichment

Do Amblyopic Eye First, Wait and Do Second Eye Cataract Surgery for Isoametropia, Accomodative Esotropic Amblyopia and Congenital Cataract Case

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