Ameliorating Effects of Honey on Ethanol, Caffeine, Morphine and Scopolamine- Novelty Induced Behaviors and Memory Impairment in Male Albino Mice

Abstract

Background: Honey is a natural substance produced by honey bees and was found to be useful to humankind since ancient times. It has medicinal properties and found to possess inhibitory effects on the Central Nervous System (CNS). Methods: Thus, we evaluated its ameliorating effects of honey on scopolamine, morphine, caffeine and ethanol induced behavioral models: Novelty-Induced Behaviors (NIB), learning and memory impairment in male mice. Results: The results indicated that honey showed a significant effect on morphine and scopolamine- induced locomotor activity {[morphine: [F (3,19) = 11.736; p = 0.0003) and scopolamine: [ F (3,19) = 29.673; p = 0.0001)]}. Honey significantly reduced ethanol, morphine, scopolamine and increased the caffeine effects on rearing behavior [ethanol: [F (3,19) = 13.724; p = 0.0001); morphine: [ F (3,19) = 18.167; p = 0.0001); scopolamine: [ F (3,19) = 5.523; p =0.008 and caffeine: [F (3,19) = 3.506; p = 0.039)] when compared with control groups. In grooming, honey significantly reduced effect of morphine and increased scopolamine-induced behavior [morphine: F (3,19) = 12.895; p = 0.0002) and scopolamine: [ F (3,19) = 9.465; p = 0.0008)]. Honey produced a significant effect on ethanol andmorphine with spatial working memory in mice [ethanol: [ F (3,19) = 5.236; p = 0.010) and morphine: [ F (3,19) = 10.080; p = 0.0006)]. In elevated plus maze test, honey significantly increased the transfer latency of ethanol: [ F (3,19) = 0.08805; p = 9656); morphine: [F (3,19) = 1.610; p = 0.2265; scopolamine: [ F (3,19) = 0.1695; p = 0.9154) and (Caffeine: [ F (3,19) = 0.1736; p = 0.9127]) on spatial working memory impairment in mice. Conclusion: In conclusion, honey has significant inhibitory effects on ethanol, morphine, scopolamine and caffeine pharmacological effects on the CNS.