Amelioration of renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury by synthetic oligopeptides related to human chorionic gonadotropin

Abstract

This study shows that small oligopeptides related to the primary structure of beta-hCG, especially AQGV, are promising potential drugs for preventing the development of renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury.

No effectiveness of synthetic anti-inflammatory tetrapeptides in a mouse model of ischemic stroke

“…Our results deviate from the beneficial effects of treatment with synthetic anti-inflammatory oligopeptides in various other in vivo models of ischemiareperfusion injury (Khan et al, 2002;van den Berg et al, 2009;Khan et al, 2009). Treatment with such synthetic anti-inflammatory oligopeptides has been shown to inhibit renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and to increase survival rates by reducing systemic inflammation and adhesion molecule expression in the kidney ).…”

“…Therefore, we cannot rule out that there is a dose-dependent effect, as was observed in previous studies (Khan et al, 2002;van den Berg et al, 2009;Khan et al 2009). Also, the two time-points of peptide administration chosen for the current study may not have been optimal.…”

Renoprotective approaches and strategies in acute kidney injury

“…Similarly, Oxytocin attenuated ischemic AKI by decreasing TNF-α and oxidative damage (Tuğtepe et al, 2007). Renoprotective effect has also been demonstrated for AQGV, an oligopeptide related to the primary structure of human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG), another pregnancy hormone (Khan et al, 2009). …”

Immunomodulatory and Kidney-Protective Effects of the Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Derivate EA-230

“…Recent studies in animal models of systemic inflammation showed that these oligopeptides exert immunomodulatory properties and limit organ failure and mortality [8][9][10][11]. Of particular interest is the linear tetrapeptide AlanineGlutamine-Glycine-Valine, later coined EA-230, which showed high efficacy in terms of beneficial effects [8,10,12]. EA-230 prevented mortality in endotoxemic mice both when administered early (2 h) and late (24 h) after endotoxin administration [10].…”

“…Furthermore, a cocktail of 3 oligopeptides including EA-230 reduced the severity of sepsis induced by infusion of live E. coli in rhesus monkeys [10]. EA-230 also mitigated the release of inflammatory mediators, preserved renal function and improved survival in murine models of renal ischaemiareperfusion and kidney transplantation [12,13]. Finally, EA-230 prevented the release of systemic inflammatory mediators, attenuated tissue neutrophil infiltration, and reduced organ damage in haemorrhagic shock-induced systemic inflammation in mice [9].…”