Ameliorations of Gamma Radiations on Chlorophyll Spectrum and Morphological Characteristics of Peas

Abstract

Aims: we aimed to investigate the chlorophyll spectrum and morphological characteristics of Pea under the influence of gamma radiations.
 Methods: The experimental material comprised three pea genotypes viz; Arkel, Kashi Nandini, and PSM-3. Mature and well-filled seeds were irradiated with 150 and 200 Gy doses of gamma rays, and six treatments with three control were laid into randomized block design at Research Farm, Krishi Vigyan Kendra during the spring of 2018-19.
 Results: The highest frequency of chlorophyll mutation was recorded in PSM-3 at 150 Gy and the lowest in Kashi Nandini at 200 Gy. The widest spectrum of chlorophyll mutation with seven different mutants was recorded in the PSM-3 at a 150 Gy dose. With an increase in the dose of gamma rays, there was a decrease in the mutation frequency in all the varieties.
 Conclusions: Gamma rays at a rate of 150 Gy were the best for increasing the mutation frequency and they can be used for the induction of desirable mutations in peas. The obtained results confirm that the high potency of the selected mutagenic doses induced a high phenotypic diversity in the treated population and the isolated distinct mutants were of great economic, as well as academic interest for future breeding on peas. The seeds derived from the control and treated populations should be advanced to further generations, to release more variability for quantitative traits which will favor better selection.

Inducing potential mutants in rice using different doses of gamma rays for improving agronomic traits

“…The variability of the recorded traits is a result of alterations in the DNA sequences of 'Giza177', resulting in a variability in gene expression and ultimately the phenotype for each mutant line. Depending on the level of exposure, gamma rays have been shown to have various effects on a plant's morphology, anatomy, biochemistry, and physiology (Yasmin and Arulbalachandran, 2022;Barela et al, 2022). The variability found in the current mutant line populations would be useful in breeding activities.…”

“…Gamma rays are the most prevalent type of physical mutagen as these rays could enhance mutation frequency (Ali et al, 2015). The gamma rays act by altering molecules directly within cells (Barela et al, 2022) or by producing radicals from water in a very short time, then these radicals react with one another or neighboring, unaffected molecules, breaking chemical bonds or oxidizing the molecules. Gamma rays cause firstly DNA breakage in cells (Di Pane et al, 2018); therefore, single or double DNA strands can be affected.…”