Ameliorative effect of Atractylodes macrocephala essential oil combined with Panax ginseng total saponins on 5-fluorouracil induced diarrhea is associated with gut microbial modulation

Wang, Jing; Feng, Wuwen; Zhang, Shiyang; Chen, Lu; Sheng, Yongcheng; Tang, Fei; He, Junlin; Xu, Xin; Ao, Hui; Peng, Cheng

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2019.111887

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The parameters for evaluating the severity of diarrhea employed in the searched studies were stool consistency, stool stickiness, stool wetness (stool water content), stool shape, and the presence of occult or gross blood and mucus . In some studies, the severity of diarrhea was evaluated by observing the size of fur coat staining caused by diarrhea (3,6,8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Stool Collection Methods for Evaluating the Diarrhea Score in Mouse Diarrhea Models

Yim

Kim

Lee

2021

In Vivo

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Stool Collection Methods for Evaluating the Diarrhea Score in Mouse Diarrhea Models

Yim

Kim

Lee

2021

In Vivo

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“…At present, the majority of methods used in the spleen qi deficiency model are aimed at simulating the cause of disease, and include inducing diarrhea with bitter cold [ 24 ], improper diet [ 25 ], overwork [ 26 ], and external dampness trapping spleen [ 27 ]. Spleen deficiency syndrome is a pathological condition marked by multiple system dysfunction that is characterized by gastrointestinal digestion hypofunction and gastrointestinal motility disorder [ 28 , 29 ]. Microecological advances have provided accumulating evidence on the positive correlation between spleen deficiency and alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shengmai Yin formula modulates the gut microbiota of spleen-deficiency rats

et al. 2020

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Background Spleen-deficiency syndrome, an important pathological change in traditional Chinese medicine, has been proven to attribute to intestinal dysbacteriosis. Shengmai Yin (SMY), a classic formula for replenishing qi and restoring pulse, is a common medicine for critical emergencies in traditional Chinese Medicine. Interestingly, our previous study established a spleen-deficiency rat model and verified the potency of SMY formula in curing spleen-deficiency rats. Our goal herein was to explore whether SMY can modulate the composition of intestinal flora and alleviate spleen-deficiency in rats. Methods This experiment was randomly divided into three groups, namely the normal control group (NC), model control group (MC), and the Shengmai Yin group (SMY). After the treatment, the weight and symptom indexes of the rats were recorded, histological changes in the colon were observed, levels of serum D-xylose, gastrin (GAS), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were measured, and gut microbiota profiling was conducted by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results The body mass of the spleen-deficiency model rats significantly decreased compared with that of the NC group, and SMY treatment significantly increased body mass compared with the MC group (P < 0.01). Colon histopathology revealed that SMY treatment alleviated colonic mucosal damage in spleen-deficiency rats. The serum levels of D-xylose and gastrin (GAS) were significant increased by SMY (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was reduced by SMY (P < 0.01) compared with MC. Furthermore, alpha diversity was significantly decreased in the model rats compared to the normal rats (P < 0.05) and increased with SMY treatment (P < 0.01). The most abundant phyla were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, followed by Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, there was a lower relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Akkermasia, and Allobaculum, and a higher relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK4A 136 group, Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, and Sphingomonas in the MC group. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Alistipes, Bifidobacterium, Bifidobacterium, Bifidobacteriaceae, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136group, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillaceae, Bacilli, Verrucomicrobiae, and Akkermansia were significantly abundant in the treatment groups, and thus may be singled out as potential biomarkers for SMY in the treatment of spleen deficiency. In addition, analysis on the correlation between species and physicochemical indexes showed that the abundance of Parasutterella was negatively correlated with the change in GAS, and positively correlated with the change in VIP (P < 0.01). Conclusion Our findings have provided preliminary evidence that modulating the gut microbiota may play a role in the treatment of spleen deficiency with SMY. However, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanism by which SMY regulation of related gut microbiota occurs.

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“…The human trial also showed that methanogenic archaea made a difference in whether patients underwent diarrhea or constipation after 5-FU treatment (Holma et al, 2013). Additionally, prebiotics such as the herbal pair, Atractylodes Macrocephala and Panax Ginseng conferred a protective effect against 5-FU by restoring gut microbiota disturbed by it and especially inhibited 5-FU-induced release of intestinal inflammatory cytokines (Wang et al, 2019a). As we put, strategies for tackling 5-FU-induced diarrhea and mucositis are restricted within conventional ones, mainly including fecal microbial transplant, probiotics, and prebiotics supplementation.…”

Section: -Fluorouracilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting the dots: targeting gut microbiota in drug toxicity

Luo¹,

Zhou²

2020

Preprint

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Gut microbiota has been demonstrated to have a vast influence on human health in recent decades and its role in initiating, aggravating, or ameliorating diseases is emerging. Therapeutic strategies have therefore increasingly developed by targeting gut microbial modulation. Recently, its contribution to heterogeneous toxicological responses is also gaining attention, especially in drug-induced toxicity. Oral drugs interact directly with gut microbiota within the gastrointestinal tract and a number of them elicit toxicity mediated by intestinal microbiota. Present studies focus more on the unidirectional influence of how xenobiotics disturb intestinal microbial composition and function and consequently induce altered homeostasis. However, interactions between gut microbiota and xenobiotics are bidirectional and the impact of gut microbiota on xenobiotics especially on drugs should not be neglected. Thus, in this review, we intend to focus on how gut microbiota modulates drug toxicity by highlighting gut microbiota, microbial enzyme, and metabolites to proffer references for seeking common countermeasures in coping with drug toxicity by targeting gut microbiota. Moreover, we give a hypothesis that drugs capable of inducing gut dysbiosis tend to more or less impact the gut-connected organs as evidenced by the drug-induced hepatic encephalopathy, indicating an underlying link among the gut, liver, brain, and other possible organs in drug-induced toxicity.

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Ameliorative effect of Atractylodes macrocephala essential oil combined with Panax ginseng total saponins on 5-fluorouracil induced diarrhea is associated with gut microbial modulation

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Efficient Stool Collection Methods for Evaluating the Diarrhea Score in Mouse Diarrhea Models

Efficient Stool Collection Methods for Evaluating the Diarrhea Score in Mouse Diarrhea Models

Shengmai Yin formula modulates the gut microbiota of spleen-deficiency rats

Connecting the dots: targeting gut microbiota in drug toxicity

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