Ameliorative Effects of Vanillin Against Metribuzin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Toxicity in Rats

Abstract

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Vanillin (Va), a phenolic substance is a natural antioxidant with proven free radical scavenging activity and offers protection against oxidative damage. This study was designed to investigate the ameliorative effect of Va against metribuzin (Mtz) pesticide-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups: control, vanillin (Va), metribuzin (Mtz) and metribuzin plus vanillin (Mtz+Va). Metribuzin (133.33 mg/kg, 1/20 LD<sub>50</sub>) was given to rats through their drinking water. Vanillin was supplemented (150 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for three weeks. At the end of experiments, various haematological and biochemical parameters were estimated. Antioxidant defence systems as GPx enzyme activities, GSH and MDA contents were determined in tissues as the indicators of oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control, a significant decrease in the levels of red blood cells (p≤0.05), haemoglobin (p≤0.003) and hematocrit (p≤0.02) were noticed in the metribuzin-exposed group. The biochemical evaluation showed significantly higher values (p≤0.0001) for glucose, urea, creatinine and bilirubin. Also, Mtz treatment caused significant perturbations in lipids profile as plasma levels of total cholesterol (p≤0.0001) and triglycerides (p≤0.004). MDA levels increased in all the tissues of rats exposed to Mtz whereas the fluctuation in GPX enzyme activities and GSH levels were observed compared with controls. However, treatment with vanillin significantly normalised haematological profiles, serum biochemical profile and modulated all the oxidative stress parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of vanillin appeared to be beneficial to rats, to a great extent in attenuating and restoring the damage sustained by metribuzin exposure.</p>

Protective Role of Aqueous Extract of Atriplex Halimus L. Against Benzene-Induced Damage on Renal Function and Glomerular Cells in Rats

“…The increased levels of urea and creatinine are considered as the marker of impaired kidney functions [27,28]. Thus, in our study, an increase of plasma urea and creatinine reflected the diagnosis of renal damage.…”

Beneficial role of vanillin, a polyphenolic flavoring agent, on maneb-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and liver histological changes in Swiss albino mice

“…Similar findings have been found by Ben Saad et al, 46 where vanillin attenuates the increase in lipid peroxidation, AOPP, and protein carbonyl formation in the liver of mice treated with potassium bromate. Also, Kadeche et al 10 have reported that vanillin exhibits hepatoprotective effect against metribyzin pesticide toxicity in male Wistar rats. The improvement of MDA, H 2 O 2 , and AOPP levels after vanillin treatment could be explained by its important role in preventing lipid peroxidation and protecting the integrity of tissues and cells function.…”

“…6 It is used against oxidative damage induced by several xenobiotics like pesticides. 6,10 The latters have human serious chronic health effects, including diabetes, respiratory diseases, neurological effects, fetal diseases, genetic disorders, and cancer. 11 –14 Among pesticides, maneb is a manganese-containing ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate fungicide, widely used to control numerous fungal diseases affecting vegetables, fruits, and field crops.…”

Role of nutraceutical against exposure to pesticide residues: power of bioactive compounds

“…A report provides evidence supporting the potential cardioprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of coenzyme Q10 against pesticide-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. The findings suggest that coenzyme Q10 supplementation may offer therapeutic benefits in mitigating the adverse effects of pesticide exposure on cardiac health ( 149 ).…”