Amenorrhea-An abnormal cessation of normal menstrual cycle

Tabassum, K.; Namra, Jameel

doi:10.29328/journal.cjog.1001046

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…The absence of menstruation indicates underlying disruptions in the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, leading to hormonal imbalances [ 29 ]. Estrogen deficiency, a common feature of primary amenorrhea, not only impacts reproductive function but also affects various physiological processes [ 30 , 31 ]. Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health by promoting osteoblastic activity and inhibiting bone resorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Analysis of Effective Management Strategies for Primary Amenorrhea of Reproductive Age in Saudi Arabia

Bakhsh

2024

Life

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Primary amenorrhea, the absence of menstruation by age 15, can have significant implications for reproductive health and overall well-being. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various management strategies for primary amenorrhea among women of reproductive age in Saudi Arabia. Medical records of 63 eligible patients from 2018 to 2023 were analyzed, assessing diagnostic methods, treatment modalities, and associated outcomes. The findings revealed that hormonal therapy was the most commonly employed management strategy (50.0%) and demonstrated the highest rate of achieving menstrual regularity (62.5%). Surgical interventions were utilized in 28.1% of cases, with a 50.0% rate of symptom resolution. Lifestyle modifications were less frequent (21.9%) but showed a moderate rate of symptom resolution (35.7%). Logistic regression analysis identified age, underlying etiology, and management strategy as significant predictors of treatment success. Subgroup analyses highlighted the efficacy of hormonal therapy and lifestyle modifications for genetic etiologies, while surgical interventions were more effective for anatomical causes. The study underscores the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach and personalized treatment plans tailored to individual patient characteristics. Despite limitations, the findings contribute to the understanding of optimal management strategies for primary amenorrhea and emphasize the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in addressing this complex condition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Analysis of Effective Management Strategies for Primary Amenorrhea of Reproductive Age in Saudi Arabia

Bakhsh

2024

Life

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A brief instrument measuring the water, sanitation and hygiene domain of menstrual health among women who inject drugs

Calderón-Villarreal,

Avelar Portillo,

Abramovitz

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Domains of adequate menstrual health (MH) include access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). People who menstruate with social disadvantages—such as homelessness or drug injection practices–often face barriers to WASH access. However, validated instruments to measure MH are limited among marginalized populations, and available instruments involve lengthy surveys. We developed and evaluated psychometric properties of a novel ‘MH WASH Domain Scale-12’ among people who menstruate and who inject drugs in the Tijuana–San Diego region and identified correlates of MH access using this scale. Methods We constructed a MH-scale based on access to twelve WASH-related items: (1) menstrual products, (2) body hygiene (bathing per week), (3) water sources for bathing, (4) improved, (5) non-shared, (6) available, (7) private, (8) nearby, (9) and safe sanitation facilities, (10) availability of soap, (11) water source for handwashing, and (12) handwashing facilities with soap/water. Variables were dichotomized and summed, with scores ranging from 0–12 points and higher scores indicating better MH access. We assessed the scale’s reliability and construct and content validity using data from a binational cross-sectional study. The sample included people who inject drugs (PWID) who had ever menstruated in their lifetime and were 18+ during 2020–2021. MH-WASH items were described, and the scale was further used as an outcome variable to identify correlates. Results Among 125 (124 cis-female and 1 trans-male) PWID that reported menstruating, our ‘MH WASH Domain Scale-12’ was reliable (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.81, McDonald’s Omega total = 0.83) and valid. We identified two sub-domains: Factor-1 included items describing ‘WASH availability’ and Factor-2 contained items related to ‘WASH security’—encompassing physical and biological safety. Scale scores were significantly lower among participants experiencing unsheltered homelessness compared to participants experiencing sheltered homelessness or living in permanent housing. Conclusion We constructed and validated a novel and reliable scale to measure MH-related WASH access that can be used to assess MH among marginalized populations in English- and Spanish-speaking contexts. Using this scale we identified disparities in MH-WASH access among PWID and who menstruate in the US-Mexico border region.

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Amenorrhea-An abnormal cessation of normal menstrual cycle

Cited by 2 publications

References 44 publications

Retrospective Analysis of Effective Management Strategies for Primary Amenorrhea of Reproductive Age in Saudi Arabia

Retrospective Analysis of Effective Management Strategies for Primary Amenorrhea of Reproductive Age in Saudi Arabia

A brief instrument measuring the water, sanitation and hygiene domain of menstrual health among women who inject drugs

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