America's Jobs Challenges and the Continuing Role of the U.S. Department of Labor

Katz, Lawrence F.

doi:10.1177/00197939140670s304

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Hence, an important distinction to existing theories of the occupational wage-and employment structure is that once one conditions on task complexity, then wages, as well as wage growth, are unrelated with routine task intensity or whether an occupation involves the production of goods or services. Consistent with this hypothesis, or with the discussion in Katz (2014) about the growing importance of artisanal work, we find that many crafts occupations are complex and have performed quite well over the last few decades.…”

Section: Non−routine Occupationssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The view that routine task intensity of occupations is the central predictor of wage and employment growth is not uncontroversial however. For example, Katz (2014) highlights the growing importance of artisanal work that combines creativity with crafting skills to customize and refine consumption goods. Indeed, many crafts occupations that are commonly classified as manual routine have fared quite well in terms of labor market performance over the last three decades.…”

Section: Non−routine Occupationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complex-task biased technological change and the labor market

Caines

Hoffmann

Kambourov

2017

Review of Economic Dynamics

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In this paper we study the relationship between task complexity and the occupational wageand employment structure. Complex tasks are defined as those requiring higher-order skills, such as the ability to abstract, solve problems, make decisions, or communicate effectively. We measure the task complexity of an occupation by performing Principal Component Analysis on a broad set of occupational descriptors in the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) data. We establish four main empirical facts for the U.S. over the 1980-2005 time period that are robust to the inclusion of a detailed set of controls, subsamples, and levels of aggregation: (1) There is a positive relationship across occupations between task complexity and wages and wage growth; (2) Conditional on task complexity, routine-intensity of an occupation is not a significant predictor of wage growth and wage levels; (3) Labor has reallocated from less complex to more complex occupations over time; (4) Within groups of occupations with similar task complexity labor has reallocated to non-routine occupations over time. We then formulate a model of Complex-Task Biased Technological Change with heterogeneous skills and show analytically that it can rationalize these facts. We conclude that workers in non-routine occupations with low ability of solving complex tasks are not shielded from the labor market effects of automatization.

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Section: Non−routine Occupationssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Non−routine Occupationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex-task biased technological change and the labor market

Caines

Hoffmann

Kambourov

2017

Review of Economic Dynamics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hence, an important distinction to existing theories of the occupational wage-and employment structure is that once one conditions on task complexity, then wages, as well as wage growth, are unrelated with routine task intensity or whether an occupation involves the production of goods or services. Consistent with this hypothesis, or with the discussion in Katz (2014) about the growing importance of artisanal work, we nd that many crafts occupations are complex and have performed quite well over the last few decades.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The view that routine task intensity of occupations is the central predictor of wage and employment growth is not uncontroversial however. For example, Katz (2014) highlights the growing importance of artisanal work that combines creativity with crafting skills to customize and rene consumption goods. Indeed, many crafts occupations that are commonly classied as manual routine have fared quite well in terms of labor market performance over the last three decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex-Task Biased Technological Change and the Labor Market

Caines

Hoffmann

Kambourov

2017

internationalfinance

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In this paper we study the relationship between task complexity and the occupational wage-and employment structure. Complex tasks are dened as those requiring higher-order skills, such as the ability to abstract, solve problems, make decisions, or communicate eectively. We measure the task complexity of an occupation by performing Principal Component Analysis on a broad set of occupational descriptors in the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) data. We establish four main empirical facts for the U.S. over the 1980-2005 time period that are robust to the inclusion of a detailed set of controls, subsamples, and levels of aggregation: (1) There is a positive relationship across occupations between task complexity and wages and wage growth; (2) Conditional on task complexity, routine-intensity of an occupation is not a signicant predictor of wage growth and wage levels; (3) Labor has reallocated from less complex to more complex occupations over time; (4) Within groups of occupations with similar task complexity labor has reallocated to non-routine occupations over time. We then formulate a model of Complex-Task Biased Technological Change with heterogeneous skills and show analytically that it can rationalize these facts. We conclude that workers in non-routine occupations with low ability of solving complex tasks are not shielded from the labor market eects of automatization.

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“…Technological progress and globalization have disproportionately affected male employment (Autor, Dorn and Hanson, 2018). Many newly unemployed men refuse to fill jobs that do not match their self-perceived gender identity (Akerlof and Kranton, 2000;Katz, 2014). Instead, they remain unemployed or leave the labor force (Autor, Dorn and Hanson, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men. Roots and Consequences of Masculinity Norms

2018

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Recent research has uncovered the historical roots of gender norms about women and the persistent effect of such norms on economic development. We find similar long-term effects of masculinity norms: beliefs about the proper conduct of men. We exploit a natural historical experiment in which convict transportation in the 18th and 19th century created a variegated spatial pattern of sex ratios across Australia. We show that in areas that were heavily male-biased in the past (though not the present) more Australians recently voted against same-sex marriage, an institution at odds with traditional masculinity norms. Survey data show that this voting pattern is mostly driven by men. Further evidence indicates that these historically male-biased areas also remain characterized by more violence, excessive alcohol consumption, and occupational gender segregation. We interpret these behaviors as manifestations of masculinity norms that emerged due to intense local male-male competition and that persisted over time.

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America's Jobs Challenges and the Continuing Role of the U.S. Department of Labor

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Complex-task biased technological change and the labor market

Complex-task biased technological change and the labor market

Complex-Task Biased Technological Change and the Labor Market

Men. Roots and Consequences of Masculinity Norms

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