American Society of Nephrology Quiz and Questionnaire 2014

Rosner, Mitchell H.; Perazella, Mark A.; Choi, Michael

doi:10.2215/cjn.10911114

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Figure 2 taken from Rosner et al (15) illustrates the handling of acid balance in the distal tubule by the α-intercalated cells.…”

Section: What Is the Pathogenesis Of Distal Tubular Acidification Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, ammonia is transported into the tubule via the Rh C glycoprotein (RhCG) channel. Defects in H+ ion secretion, backflow of H+ ions into the cell, defects in AE1 or CAII or in ammonia production or transport can all lead to forms of distal RTA (15), with permission from Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;10(3):530-539.…”

Section: What Is the Pathogenesis Of Distal Tubular Acidification Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low NH 4 + excretion in classical hypokalaemic distal RTA occurs because of the failure to trap NH 4 + in the medullary collecting duct as a result of higher-than-normal tubule fluid pH in this segment and loss of the disequilibrium pH (pH >6.0). The high urine pH indicates impaired H + secretion (15, 16, 21).…”

Section: What Is the Pathogenesis Of Distal Tubular Acidification Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When aldosterone deficiency/resistance is involved in tubular acidosis then the latter is classified as type 4 RTA. Both the voltage type dRTA and type 4 RTA are associated with hyperkalaemia, whereas the other forms of distal tubular acidosis are characterised by hypokalaemia (15, 16, 21). It is tempting to speculate that the ammonia channel RhCG may be another candidate gene for dRTA in humans.…”

Section: What Is the Pathogenesis Of Distal Tubular Acidification Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Young Woman with Recurrent Kidney Stones: Questions on Hypokalaemic Tubular Acidosis

Vanmassenhove

Lameire

2017

Nephrology @ Point of Care

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QUESTIONS @ POINT OF CARE range, 40-140 IU/L) and aspartate aminotransferase and bilirubin levels were normal. An arterial blood gas shows pH 7.36, PaCO 2 40 mmHg, PO 2 106 mmHg, and HCO 3 − : 21 mmol/L. The calculated plasma anion gap is: (140-(109 + 21) = 10 mmol/L. The intact parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 levels are within normal ranges. Serum calcium and serum phosphorus are 8.1 and 2.4 mg/dL, respectively. Urine volume is 1.5 L per 24 hours, pH 6.7 and 24-hour urine chemistries are calcium 2.9 mmol/day (d), phosphate 24 mmol/d, uric acid 5.5 mmol/d, oxalate 270 mmol/d, and citrate 0.6 mmol/d. Rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibody are negative. Urine chemistry shows the following results: K + 31 mmol/L, Na + 100 mmol/L, Cl-105 mmol/L. The stones have been analysed biochemically and are composed of calcium phosphate (CaP)and calcium oxalate. On plain abdominal x-ray, calculi are seen in both kidneys (Fig. 1). In summary, this young woman suffers from recurrent nephrolithiasis and presents with a mild, hypokalaemic metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap, an inappropriately high urine pH and hypocitraturia. The aim of this contribution is to discuss the clinical approach to metabolic hypokalaemic tubular acidosis in a patient with recurrent nephrolithiasis. What is the significance of the plasma anion gap (PAG)? Addition of hydrogen ion (H+) can be detected by the appearance of new anions. These new anions may remain in the body, and/or be excreted in the urine or diarrhoea fluid. Acid

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“…Figure 2 taken from Rosner et al (15) illustrates the handling of acid balance in the distal tubule by the α-intercalated cells.…”

Section: What Is the Pathogenesis Of Distal Tubular Acidification Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is the Pathogenesis Of Distal Tubular Acidification Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is the Pathogenesis Of Distal Tubular Acidification Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is the Pathogenesis Of Distal Tubular Acidification Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Young Woman with Recurrent Kidney Stones: Questions on Hypokalaemic Tubular Acidosis

Vanmassenhove

Lameire

2017

Nephrology @ Point of Care

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“… 2 An acid-base balance is the basis for maintaining cell metabolism and physiological function. 4 The serum anion gap (AG) is a commonly used indicator to evaluate acid-base balance, which helps to identify the types of acidosis and the causes of acid-base imbalance. 5 At present, the serum AG value is usually calculated based on the concentration of sodium, chlorine, potassium, and bicarbonate in serum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between the Serum Anion Gap and All-Cause Mortality in Acute Pancreatitis: An Analysis of the MIMIC-III Database

Gong

Zhou

Gui

et al. 2021

IJGM

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Purpose We aimed to investigate the relationship between the serum anion gap (AG) and all-cause mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) in intensive care units (ICUs). Patients and Methods In this retrospective cohort analysis, data of patients with AP were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database (version III). We collected the maximum serum AG value within the first 24 hours of ICU admission. The main outcome was 90-day all-cause mortality. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to examine the association between the serum AG and mortality. The restricted cubic spline curve was used to confirm a non-linear relationship between serum AG values and mortality. Results Of the 279 patients included in the study, 87 (31.18%) died. The serum AG value was positively associated with 90-day all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.14), after adjusting for age, sex, alcohol consumption, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, eGFR, albumin, and the SOFA score. There was a non-linear relationship between serum AG values and mortality after adjusting for potential confounders. We used a two-piecewise regression model to obtain a threshold inflection point value of 13.8 mmol/L. The HR and the 95% CI on the left inflection point were 0. 82 (0.61–1.09; p = 0.1719), and on the right inflection point were 1.15 (1.08–1.23; p < 0.0001). Conclusion The relationship between all-cause mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis and serum AG values was non-linear. All-cause mortality and serum AG values were positively correlated when the serum AG value was >13.8 mmol/L.

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2016

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American Society of Nephrology Quiz and Questionnaire 2014

Cited by 4 publications

References 54 publications

A Young Woman with Recurrent Kidney Stones: Questions on Hypokalaemic Tubular Acidosis

A Young Woman with Recurrent Kidney Stones: Questions on Hypokalaemic Tubular Acidosis

The Relationship Between the Serum Anion Gap and All-Cause Mortality in Acute Pancreatitis: An Analysis of the MIMIC-III Database

Multiple drugs

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