American Trypanosomiasis in Dogs from an Urban and Rural Area of Yucatan, Mexico

Jiménez‐Coello, Matilde; Poot-Cob, Monica; Ortega‐Pacheco, Antonio; Guzmán-Marín, Eugenia; Ramos-Ligonio, Ángel; Sauri-Arceo, Carlos H.; Acosta-Viana, Karla Y.

doi:10.1089/vbz.2007.0224

Cited by 50 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…When compared with dogs in Colonia A (the model referent), dogs in Colonia F had significantly lower odds of being seropositive. The county of Colonia F has a lower percentage of Hispanics and is more rural than the counties of the other sampled colonias,64 congruent with a prior study found lower seroprevalence in rural dogs as compared with urban dogs 65…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Trypanosoma cruzi (Agent of Chagas Disease) in Sympatric Human and Dog Populations in “Colonias” of the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas

Curtis‐Robles

Zecca

Román-Cruz

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The zoonotic, vector-borne parasite Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease throughout the Americas, but human and veterinary health burdens in the United States are unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional prevalence study in indigent, medically underserved human and cohabiting canine populations of seven south Texas border communities, known as colonias. Defining positivity as those samples that were positive on two or more independent tests, we found 1.3% seroprevalence in 233 humans, including one child born in the United States with only short-duration travel to Mexico. Additionally, a single child with no travel outside south Texas was positive on only a single test. Among 209 dogs, seroprevalence was 19.6%, but adjusted to 31.6% when including those dogs positive on only one test and extrapolating potential false negatives. Parasite DNA was detected in five dogs, indicating potential parasitemia. Seropositive dogs lived in all sampled colonias with no difference in odds of positivity across age, sex, or breed. Colonia residents collected two adult Triatoma gerstaeckeri and one nymph triatomine from around their homes; one of three bugs was infected with T. cruzi, and blood meal hosts were molecularly determined to include dog, human, and raccoon. Dogs and the infected vector all harbored T. cruzi discrete typing unit I, which has previously been implicated in human disease in the United States. Colonias harbor active T. cruzi transmission cycles and should be a priority in outreach and vector control initiatives.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Trypanosoma cruzi (Agent of Chagas Disease) in Sympatric Human and Dog Populations in “Colonias” of the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas

Curtis‐Robles

Zecca

Román-Cruz

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Similar results were obtained using TIA in Amerindians and in patients suffering idiopathic megasyndrome with a history of exposure to T. cruzi (3,15). CS false-negative results in dog samples were also revealed by a dipstick test (6) and PCR (19). Taken together, the evidence shows that TIA detects T. cruzi infections in domestic animal reservoirs that are missed by CS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

trans-Sialidase Neutralizing Antibody Detection in Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Domestic Reservoirs

Cardinal¹,

Orozco²,

Gürtler³

et al. 2011

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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The detection of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in domestic dogs and cats is relevant to evaluating human transmission risks and the effectiveness of insecticide spraying campaigns. However, the serological assays routinely used are associated with cross-reactivity in sera from mammals infected with Leishmania spp. We used a trans-sialidase inhibition assay (TIA) for T. cruzi diagnosis in serum samples from 199 dogs and 57 cats from areas where these types of infections are endemic. TIA is based on the antibody neutralization of recombinant trans-sialidase, an enzyme that is not detected in the coendemic Leishmania species or Trypanosoma rangeli parasites. T. cruzi infection was also evaluated by conventional serology (CS) (indirect immunofluorescence, indirect hemagglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunochromatographic dipstick test) and xenodiagnosis. Sera from 30 dogs and 15 cats from areas where these organisms are not endemic and 5 dogs with visceral leishmaniasis were found to be nonreactive by TIA and CS. Samples from dogs and cats demonstrated 91 and 95% copositivities between TIA and CS, whereas the conegativities were 98 and 97%, respectively. Sera from xenodiagnosis-positive dogs and cats also reacted by TIA (copositivities of 97 and 83%, respectively). TIA was reactive in three CS-negative samples and was able to resolve results in two cat serum samples that were CS inconclusive. Our study is the first to describe the development of trans-sialidase neutralizing antibodies in naturally infected dogs and cats. High CS conegativity and the absence of trans-sialidase neutralization in dog sera from areas where leishmaniasis is not endemic and from dogs with visceral leishmaniasis support TIA specificity. The TIA may be a useful tool for T. cruzi detection in the main domestic reservoirs.

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“…These data suggest that stray dogs may be more vulnerable, because they are more exposed to peridomestic transmission; whereas pet dogs that live inside houses are more protected from infection. If we compare the 7.6% of T. cruzi positive dog population in Campeche with that recently reported of 14% in Yucatán ( Jimenez-Coello et al 2008), it represents a little more than half of infection in Campeche, in spite of the fact that the vector is the same in both regions. One possible explanation could be that the infection rate of T. dimidiata in Yucatán can reach up to 46% as reported (Guzman-Tapia et al 2005); whereas for Campeche, the infection rate in T. dimidiata is around 20% (unpublished data).…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Higher Seroprevalence ofTrypanosoma cruziInfection in Dogs Than in Humans in an Urban Area of Campeche, Mexico

Balan

Yerbes

Pina

et al. 2011

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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The reservoir capacity of dogs for Trypanosoma cruzi infection was analyzed in the city of Campeche, an urban town located in the Yucatan peninsula in Mexico. The city is inhabited by ~96,000 dogs and ~168,000 humans; Triatoma dimidiata is the only recognized vector. In the present study, we sampled 262 dogs (148 stray dogs and 114 pet dogs) and 2800 young people (ranging in age between 15 and 20 years old) and tested for T. cruzi antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Indirect Immunofluorescence, and Western blotting serological assays. Seroprevalence in stray dogs was twice higher than in pet dogs (9.5% vs. 5.3%) with general seroprevalence of 7.6%. In humans, the observed seroprevalence was 76 times lower than in dogs (0.1% vs. 7.6%, respectively). Western blotting analysis showed that dogs' antibodies recognized different T. cruzi antigenic patterns than those for humans. In conclusion, T. cruzi infection in Campeche, Mexico, represents a low potential risk to inhabitants but deserves vigilance.

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American Trypanosomiasis in Dogs from an Urban and Rural Area of Yucatan, Mexico

Cited by 50 publications

References 32 publications

Trypanosoma cruzi (Agent of Chagas Disease) in Sympatric Human and Dog Populations in “Colonias” of the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas

Trypanosoma cruzi (Agent of Chagas Disease) in Sympatric Human and Dog Populations in “Colonias” of the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas

trans-Sialidase Neutralizing Antibody Detection in Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Domestic Reservoirs

Higher Seroprevalence ofTrypanosoma cruziInfection in Dogs Than in Humans in an Urban Area of Campeche, Mexico

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