Amidohydroxylated polyester with biophotoactivity along with retarding alkali hydrolysis through in situ synthesis of Cu/Cu₂O nanoparticles using diethanolamine

Abstract

In this research, polyester fabric was modified through in situ synthesis of Cu/Cu 2 O nanoparticles (NPs) in one single step processing using diethanolamine. This introduced amide and hydroxyl active groups on the polyester surface, adjusted pH, aminolyzed, and improved the surface activity of polyester. Copper sulfate was used as precursor, sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizer in a chemical reduction route at boil as a facile and cost-effective approach. The central composite design was also utilized to optimize the processing conditions and study the effect of each variables on the weight gain, color change, and wettability of the treated fabrics. FESEM and mapping, EDX, XRD, and FTIR analysis confirmed effective assembling of Cu/Cu 2 O NPs on the amidohydroxylated polyester surface. The optimum treated fabric showed excellent antibacterial properties on both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In addition, a very good photocatalytic activity towards degradation of methylene blue solution obtained after 24 h sunlight irradiation. Further, the hydrophilicity, mechanical properties and stability of the treated fabrics in concentrated sodium hydroxide improved through formation of amidohydroxyl active groups, amidoester crosslinking and nanocross-linking within polymeric chains through in situ synthesis of Cu/Cu 2 O.

In situ incorporation and loading of copper nanoparticles into a palmitic–lauric phase‐change material on polyester fibers

“…In fact, both absorbed fatty acid PCMs and loaded copper nanoparticles on the polyester fabric acting as fillers in the composites resulted in increases in the tensile strength and bending lengths of the treated samples . The enhancement in the tensile strength and increase in the bending length due to the use of copper‐based nanoparticles on polyester fabric was previously stated in the literature . Furthermore, similar results were observed by Venkatesan and Rajeswari, where the addition of TiO 2 or SiO 2 nanoparticles into poly(butylene adipate‐ co ‐terephthalate) caused an increase in the tensile strength associated with a decrease in the tensile strain compared to the pure one.…”

“…In addition, the tensile strain of the treated samples showed lower values compared to the raw sample. In fact, both absorbed fatty acid PCMs and loaded copper nanoparticles on the polyester fabric acting as fillers in the composites resulted in increases in the tensile strength and bending lengths of the treated samples . The enhancement in the tensile strength and increase in the bending length due to the use of copper‐based nanoparticles on polyester fabric was previously stated in the literature .…”

Preparation of Antibacterial Cellulose Fabric via Copper (II) Oxide and Corn Silk (Stigma maydis) Nanocomposite

“…Cu 2 + in alkaline conditions can be formed copper hydroxide and then copper (II) oxide under heating at boil (4). [ 27 ] Further, the cellulose with urea molecules in the urea–water solvent mixture prefers to form hydrogen bonds. Urea destroys the hydrogen bond network of water and is considered a water structure breaker.…”

“…[ 34 ] The cellulose with copper hydroxide produces cellulose copper hydroxide that can initiate the nucleation of copper (II) oxide on the cotton fabric (6). [ 27 ] Sodium hydroxide was used to improve the solubility of corn silk in urea by creating a homogeneous solution. Corn silk (CS) has two protein and cellulose structures.…”

“…This reveals that both treatments led to an improvement in the tensile strength of the cotton fabric due to the possible cross‐linking within the cellulosic chains. [ 27 ] The results from the bending test showed that the addition of corn silk and copper (II) oxide to cotton fabric had no significant effect on the bending length and the fabric rigidity.…”