Amine-Functionalized Al-MOF^#@_y^xSm₂O₃–ZnO: A Visible Light-Driven Nanocomposite with Excellent Photocatalytic Activity for the Photo-Degradation of Amoxicillin

Abstract

A visible light-driven amine-functionalized Al-based MOF@ SmO-ZnO nanocomposite (NH-MOF@ SmO-ZnO NCP) was synthesized as an effective photocatalyst for AMX degradation in the presence of ultrasound, in which # is MOF synthesis conditions from MOF to MOF and x and y stand for the weight percentages of SmO-to-ZnO and SmO-ZnO-to-MOF, respectively. The β-lactam antibiotic AMX, which is widely used for treating Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections in both animals and humans, was employed as a model pollutant. Using different detection techniques, the synthesized materials were characterized. Furthermore, effects of different synthesis methods, ultrasonic time, precursor concentration, sonication amplitude, and modulators on the MOFs photocatalytic behavior were taken into account. Also, catalytic dose and recycling, HO usage, and operating pH effects were investigated. Compared to the pure forms of NH-MOF-53(Al) and SmO-ZnO, the NCPs having the optimal SmO-ZnO and NH-MOF-53(Al) contents highly influenced the photocatalytic activity due to the synergetic impacts of the high charge mobility and the red shift in the NH-MOF@SmO-ZnO NCPs absorption edge compared to the SmO-ZnO nanoflowers. We used a TOC analyzer, UV/vis spectroscopy, and HPLC chromatogram to estimate the rate of AMX elimination in water over NH-MOF@SmO-ZnO NCPs as our optimal sample. In addition, after the AMX pollutant degradation, the NH-MOF@SmO-ZnO NCPs were structurally stable and maintained the majority of their photocatalytic properties even after five runs of recycling process The NH-MOF@SmO-ZnO NCPs as the superior photocatalysts were more examined and a mechanism for the AMX degradation was suggested. As a suggestion, our obtained results can be used as a starting point for the preparation of the other heterogeneous MOF-based NCPs combined with the SmO-ZnO for a variety of applications such as the environmental remediation.

Designing a Bifunctional Brønsted Acid–Base Heterogeneous Catalyst Through Precise Installation of Ligands on Metal–Organic Frameworks

“…Compared with PCN-700, the FT-IR spectra of PCN-700-B and PCN-700-MB displayed two apparent peaks at 3503 cm −1 and 3389 cm −1 in the high wavenumber area, resembling the bands of H 2 BDC-NH 2 at 3509 cm −1 and 3395 cm −1 , which could be ascribed to the asymmetric and symmetric stretching of the amine moieties in the complexes. 24,42,43 In contrast, for PCN-700-AB, the υ(N-H) characteristic peaks appeared at 3499 cm −1 , 3385 cm −1 , which was a slight shift, compared with H 2 BDC-NH 2 , and it was due to the additional electron-withdrawing groups, -COOH, of H 2 TPDC-(COOH) 2 , which occurred after the second step of the installation. In addition, the free carboxylic acid, -COOH, in PCN-700-AB has also been observed at ∼1703 cm −1 in the FT-IR spectra (see Supporting Information Figure S11).…”

Construction of immobilized CuS/TiO2 nanobelts heterojunction photocatalyst for photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin: synthesis, characterization, influencing factors and mechanism insight

“…From Fig. (a) it can be found that CuS/TiO 2 NBs and TiO 2 NBs exhibit the equivalent strong absorption in the UV region (below 400 nm), which might be attributed to the intrinsic band–band transition from the valence band to the conduction band of TiO 2 . The absorption intensity of CuS/TiO 2 NBs is stronger than that of TiO 2 NBs in the range from 400 to 800 nm, which is because of the existence of CuS nano‐particles.…”

2D MOFs‐based Materials for the Application of Water Pollutants Removing: Fundamentals and Prospects

“…For example, Abzari et al reported a visible light-driven amine-functionalized Al-based MOF nanocomposite (MIL-53(Al)-NH 2 @Sm 2 O 3 -ZnO) as an effective photocatalyst for amoxicillin (AMX) degradation. [77] The material achieved 100% removal rate of AMX in 90 min under visible light irradiation with a reliable recyclability. Another 2D photocatalyst, Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-67, was reported by Guan's team, which could remove all of congo red under visible light radiation in 30 min.…”