Amine Transmitters and their Associated Second Messenger Systems

Vaughan, Peter F. T.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9804-6_4

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…The presence of noradrenaline and dopamine is common to organisms closely related to the Chordata. Protostomes, on the other hand, appear to have higher levels of octopamine than of adrenaline (Vaughan 1988). In members of Chordata, noradrenaline and dopamine are present in interneurons of the brainstem, while noradrenaline is also found in motoneurons of the autonomic nervous system (Bradford 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The catecholaminergic nerve plexus of Holothuroidea

et al. 2010

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Catecholamines have been extensively reported to be present in most animal groups, including members of Echinodermata. In this study, we investigated the presence and distribution of catecholaminergic nerves in two members of the Holothuroidea, Holothuria glaberrima (Selenka, 1867) (Aspidochirotida, Holothuroidea) and Holothuria mexicana (Ludwig, 1875) (Aspidochirotida, Holothuroidea), by using induced fluorescence for catecholamines on tissue sections and immunohistochemistry with an antibody that recognizes tyrosine hydroxylase. The presence of a catecholaminergic nerve plexus similar in distribution and extension to those previously reported in other members of Echinodermata was observed. This plexus, composed of cells and fibers, is found in the ectoneural component of the echinoderm nervous system and is continuous with the circumoral nerve ring and the radial nerves, tentacular nerves, and esophageal plexus. In addition, fluorescent nerves in the tube feet are continuous with the catecholaminergic components of the radial nerve cords. This is the first comprehensive report on the presence and distribution of catecholamines in the nervous system of Holothuroidea. The continuity and distribution of the catecholaminergic plexus strengthen the notion that the catecholaminergic cells are interneurons, since these do not form part of the known sensory or motor circuits and the fluorescence is confined to organized nervous tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The catecholaminergic nerve plexus of Holothuroidea

et al. 2010

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“…Biogenic amines are widely distributed not only within vertebrates but also in invertebrates where they act as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and hormones (Vaughan 1988;Walker and Holden-Dye 1989). It is widely assumed that only dopamine (DA) of the three conventional vertebrate catecholamines (CAs) is consistently present and acts as a transmitter in invertebrate neurons (Walker and Holden-Dye 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-β-hydroxylase immunoreactivities in the cnidarian Renilla koellikeri

Anctil

Hurtubise

Gillis

2002

Cell and Tissue Research

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Western Blot and immunohistochemical studies were conducted in the sea pansy Renilla koellikeri, a representative of the earliest multicellular animals with a nervous system, using various antibodies raised against enzymes of the catecholamine biosynthetic pathway. Western blots of sea pansy extracts revealed a protein band that co-migrated with dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) from mouse adrenal glands. Similar experiments with antisera against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) revealed several immunoreactive protein bands, all of larger molecular weight than mammalian tyrosine hydroxylase. DBH-like and, to a lesser extent, TH-like and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase-like immunoreactivities were detected in ectodermal sensory neurons and associated subectodermal neurites, in neurons of the mesogleal nerve-net and associated amoebocytes, and in some endodermal neurons. While it is still not clear whether the detected TH-immunoreactive proteins represent some form of TH, the presence in sea pansies of a DBH-like protein is in agreement with previously detected norepinephrine-like immunoreactivity in the same species. The widespread distribution of these immunoreactivities in various sea pansy neurons suggests important roles for catecholamines in nerve net activity.

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“…In trace amounts, it is probably ubiquitous among plant species and was found in significant quantities in 15% of 188 species (fifteen families) of plants examined by Wheaton & Stewart (1970). © 1998 Blackwell Science Ltd, Physiological Entomology, 23, [303][304][305][306][307][308][309][310][311][312] Tyramine is one of the trace amines (Boulton, 1984), a category of chemical substances known for their physiological effects on a great variety of vertebrate and invertebrate tissues as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and neurohormones (Axelrod & Saavedra, 1977;Vaughan, 1988;Robinson, 1991;Downer & Hiripi, 1994;Roeder, 1994). Tyramine is found in all nervous system tissues (Boulton, 1985) and interacts with some of the classical neurotransmitters and their receptor systems (Locock et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tyramine from the leaves of wild parsnip: a stimulant and synergist for oviposition by the black swallowtail butterfly

Carter¹,

Sachdev-Gupta²,

Feeny³

1998

Physiol Entomol

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Oviposition stimulants from the foliage of wild parsnip, Pastinaca sativa (Apiaceae), were isolated by column chromatography and HPLC and tested in bioassay experiments with hand-held female black swallowtail butterflies, Papilio polyxenes (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Two of the stimulants were identified as tyramine and trans-chlorogenic acid. A combination of tyramine, trans-chlorogenic acid and an active neutral fraction was needed to elicit a significant oviposition response. These results are discussed in the context of previous research on the oviposition stimulants of swallowtail butterflies and on the significance of tyramine as a neuromodulator of physiological processes in invertebrates.

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Amine Transmitters and their Associated Second Messenger Systems

Cited by 24 publications

References 172 publications

The catecholaminergic nerve plexus of Holothuroidea

The catecholaminergic nerve plexus of Holothuroidea

Tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-β-hydroxylase immunoreactivities in the cnidarian Renilla koellikeri

Tyramine from the leaves of wild parsnip: a stimulant and synergist for oviposition by the black swallowtail butterfly

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