Amines, Lower Aliphatic

Abstract

Lower aliphatic amines are derivatives of ammonia with one, two, or all three of the hydrogen atoms replaced by alkyl groups of five carbons or less. Amines are toxic, colorless gases or liquids, highly flammable or combustible, and have strong odors. Lower molecular weight amines are water‐soluble and are sold as aqueous solutions and in pure form. Amines react with water and acids to form alkyl ammonium compounds analogous to ammonia. The lower aliphatic amines are widely used as intermediates in the manufacture of medicinal, agricultural, textile, rubber, and plastic chemicals. Lower aliphatic amines can be prepared by a variety of methods using different types of raw materials. By far the largest commercial applications involve the reaction of alcohol with ammonia to form the corresponding amines. Because of the hazards and toxicity of alkylamines, protective clothing, and a suitable respirator should be used when handling alkylamines, and proper labeling of shipments is required.

Selective chemical disassembly of elastane fibres and polyurethane coatings in textiles

“…56 °C). 47,48 It is likely that this result represents a full depolymerisation as prolonged reaction times did not increase the yield further.…”

Building a Microkinetic Model from First Principles for Higher Amine Synthesis on Pd Catalyst

“…Along with gas-phase acetonitrile hydrogenation, routine industrial production of aliphatic amines is completed through nitrile hydrogenation in the liquid phase at elevated hydrogen pressure. , Contingent upon the preferred product, specific metal catalysts are suggested: Co, Ni, and Ru for primary amine synthesis; Cu and Rh for secondary amine synthesis; and Pt and Pd for tertiary amine synthesis . Reaction selectivity is particularly significant in primary amine synthesis, in light of the fact that the separation of primary from secondary and tertiary amines is complicated, because of comparable boiling points.…”