Amino acid profile and protein quality in tuber and leaf of Coccnia abyssinica (Lam.) (Cogn.) accessions of Ethiopia

Abstract

The protein content and amino acid profile of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) leaves and tubers were determined from ten different accessions taken from Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. Crude protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method and amino acid profile was analyzed using performic acid oxidation and acid hydrolysis by ninhydrin‐derivatized analysis with amino acid analyzer. Crude protein content of Anchote tuber ranged from 10.70% ± 0.26% to 13.72% ± 0.10%, whereas the crude protein content in leaves were ranged between 30.38 ± 0.01% (“240407‐1”) and 35.42 ± 0.05% (“223109‐1”). Total amino acid content ranged from 45.12 to 62.89 and 67.31 to 75.69 g/100 g protein for tuber and leaf samples, respectively. The mean values of essential, conditionally essential and nonessential amino acids were 37.22 & 36.79%; 28.62 & 24.10%; and 34.16 & 39.11% for tubers and leaves, respectively. Arginine in tubers and glutamic acid in leaves ranked the highest of all amino acids; while the least dominant essential amino acid was methionine in both parts. Among the essential amino acids, leucine was dominant in all accessions tested with values ranged from 3.12 to 5.32 g/100 g protein in tubers and from 5.15 to 5.65 g/100 g protein in leaves. In general, the average amino acid content was higher in the leaves (71.08 g/100 g protein) compared to the tubers (51.11 g/100 g protein). The nutritional quality of Coccinia abyssinica leaves and tubers range as follows: total essential amino acids (TEAA)/ total amino acids (TAA) (37.57 & 36.82%), TEAA/total non‐essential amino acids (TNEAA) ratio (0.60 & 0.58), The predicted protein efficiency ratio (P‐PER) (1.22 & 1.80), Essential amino acid index (EAAI) (35.28 & 53.93%), Predicted biological value (P‐BV) (26.76 & 47.09%), Nutritional index (4.11 & 17.71%), and Amino acid score (73 & 108) for tuber and leaf sample, respectively. A significant variability was observed in protein and amino acid profile among accessions and plant parts, and the leaf part were found to be richer in protein content and associated nutritional quality.

Isolation of Weissella strains as potent probiotics to improve antioxidant activity of salted squid by fermentation

“…P-PER values of W. cibaria FB-069 and W. viridescens FB-077 salted squid were 1.3 and 1.6, respectively. They are close to the P-PER value of 1.21 for cowpea and 1.22 for tuber anchote (Salunkhe and Kadam 1989;Ayalew et al 2017). However, they are lower than the P-PER value of 2.5 for reference casein from cow's milk protein (WHO 1985).…”

Comparative Investigation of Amino Acids Content in the Dry Extracts of Juno bucharica, Gladiolus Hybrid Zefir, Iris Hungarica, Iris Variegata and Crocus Sativus Raw Materials of Ukrainian Flora

“…The similar determination of free amino acids in the methanol extracts of Acacia and Eucalyptus leaves by GC-MS method with TBDMS derivatives [46] demonstrated that only a few free amino acids were identified including proline, methionine, phenylalanine, cysteine, and lysine. By the other investigation [47], arginine, leucine and glutamic acid in tubers and leaves of Coccinia abyssinica had the highest content among all amino acids. Besides, the average amino acid content was higher in the leaves compared to the tubers, that is corresponding to the current investigation of Iridaceae plant extracts.…”

Nutritional Comparison of White and Red Coccinia Abyssinica (Lam.) Cong. Accessions: An Under-Utilised Edible Tuber of the Ethiopian Highlands

“…Limited information is available on the amino acid composition and protein quality of the anchote tuber. Only recently (in December 2016), Ayalew et al [ 18 ] provided some details on the amino acid profile of anchote tuber protein. The essential amino acids for the tuber varied from 32.98–41.63% with an average of 37.22% [ 18 ].…”

“…Only recently (in December 2016), Ayalew et al [ 18 ] provided some details on the amino acid profile of anchote tuber protein. The essential amino acids for the tuber varied from 32.98–41.63% with an average of 37.22% [ 18 ]. The result from this study further added that arginine was the highest and methionine was of the lowest concentration with 6.5–9.5 and 0.3–0.4 g/100 g protein, respectively [ 18 ].…”