Amino Acid Transporters in Plants: Identification and Function

Yao, Xuehui; Nie, Jing; Bai, Rulan; Sui, Xiaolei

doi:10.3390/plants9080972

Cited by 90 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(229 reference statements)

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“…In the Arabidopsis genome, more than 100 genes encoding for amino acid carriers were predicted, which belong to the amino acid/polyamine/organocation (APC) superfamily [ 82 ] and to the UMAMIT (Usually Multiple Amino acids Move In And Out Transporters) group of the drug/metabolite transporter superfamily [ 83 ]. Considering the complexity of amino acid metabolism in plants, the tissue specificity and cell localization of these transporters is fundamental to define their actual physiological functions [ 11 , 77 ].…”

Section: Transporters and Transceptors Involved In Nitrogen Uptake By Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analyses of root exudate in several crops in non-axenic condition indicated a predominant extrusion of Gly, Ser, and Ala, supporting the involvement of selective transport systems [ 87 ]. In recent years, the UMAMIT family was characterized as a class of facilitators with bidirectional properties, and several members are expressed in roots [ 11 ], but to date members specifically involved in amino acid exports into the soil are not yet identified [ 88 ].…”

Section: Transporters and Transceptors Involved In Nitrogen Uptake By Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in recent years, many studies opened new questions. First observations proved that the supply of sole amino acids sustains plant growth, and were soon followed by the characterization of root transport systems for amino acid uptake, whose molecular bases were partly elucidated in Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana L.) and confirmed in crops [ 10 , 11 ]. At the same time, it was proven that the provision of amino acids, even at a very low concentration, can affect root morphology and plant growth [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, there was a huge increase in knowledge about the control of uptake at the transcriptional level, as well as about the components involved in signaling. It was also highlighted that post-translational modifications (PTMs) of transporters, such as phosphorylation events and formation of protein complexes, have key roles in rapid adaptations to sudden changes in N availability [ 11 , 13 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen Uptake in Plants: The Plasma Membrane Root Transport Systems from a Physiological and Proteomic Perspective

Muratore

Espen

Prinsi

2021

Plants

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Nitrogen nutrition in plants is a key determinant in crop productivity. The availability of nitrogen nutrients in the soil, both inorganic (nitrate and ammonium) and organic (urea and free amino acids), highly differs and influences plant physiology, growth, metabolism, and root morphology. Deciphering this multifaceted scenario is mandatory to improve the agricultural sustainability. In root cells, specific proteins located at the plasma membrane play key roles in the transport and sensing of nitrogen forms. This review outlines the current knowledge regarding the biochemical and physiological aspects behind the uptake of the individual nitrogen forms, their reciprocal interactions, the influences on root system architecture, and the relations with other proteins sustaining fundamental plasma membrane functionalities, such as aquaporins and H+-ATPase. This topic is explored starting from the information achieved in the model plant Arabidopsis and moving to crops in agricultural soils. Moreover, the main contributions provided by proteomics are described in order to highlight the goals and pitfalls of this approach and to get new hints for future studies.

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Section: Transporters and Transceptors Involved In Nitrogen Uptake By Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transporters and Transceptors Involved In Nitrogen Uptake By Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nitrogen Uptake in Plants: The Plasma Membrane Root Transport Systems from a Physiological and Proteomic Perspective

Muratore

Espen

Prinsi

2021

Plants

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“…Based on current knowledge, the reactions catalyzed by P5CS and PDH are the rate-limiting steps in proline biosynthesis and degradation, respectively, under stressful conditions [ 12 ]. However, the intracellular proline concentration is the cumulative result of not only the rates of biosynthesis and degradation, but also transport between cells and organs [ 29 , 30 ]. The three Arabidopsis proline transporters (ProTs) are localized at the plasma membrane and mediate the transport not only of proline, but also of glycine betaine and γ-aminobutyric acid [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline Concentration and Its Metabolism Are Regulated in a Leaf Age Dependent Manner But Not by Abscisic Acid in Pea Plants Exposed to Cadmium Stress

Zdunek‐Zastocka

Grabowska

Michniewska

et al. 2021

Cells

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The accumulation of proline is one of the defense mechanisms of plants against the harmful effects of adverse environmental conditions; however, when pea plants were treated for 12 h with CdCl2, the proline concentration decreased in the youngest A (not expanded) and B1 (expanded) leaves, and did not change significantly in the B2 (mature, expanded) or C (the oldest) leaves. After 24 h of cadmium (Cd) stress, the proline concentration remained low in A and B1 leaves, while in B2 and C leaves, it increased, and after 48 h, an increase in the proline concentration in the leaves at each stage of development was observed. The role of proline in the different phases of plant response to the Cd treatment is discussed. Changes in proline accumulation corresponded closely with changes in the transcript levels of PsP5CS2, a gene encoding D1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase involved in proline synthesis, and PsPDH1, a gene encoding proline dehydrogenase engaged in proline degradation. CdCl2 application induced the expression of PsProT1 and PsProT2, genes encoding proline transporters, especially during the first 12 h of treatment in A and B1 leaves. When the time courses of abscisic acid (ABA) and proline accumulation were compared, it was concluded that an increase in the proline concentration in the leaves of Cd-treated pea plants was more related to a decrease in chlorophyll concentration (leaves B2 and C) and an increase in the malondialdehyde level (A and B1 leaves) than with an increase in ABA concentration alone. Exogenous application of ABA (0.5, 5, 50 µM) significantly increased the proline concentration in the A leaves of pea plants only, and was accompanied by an elevated and repressed expression of PsP5CS2 and PsPDH1 in these leaves, respectively. The presented results suggest that under Cd stress, the accumulation of proline in leaves of pea plants may take place independently of the ABA signaling.

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Genetic dissection of minerals and phytate content in pearl millet germplasm panel using genome‐wide association study

Singh,

Manwaring,

Naveen

et al. 2024

Food and Energy Security

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Billions of people around the world suffer from malnutrition, leading to severe adverse health effects. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a multifaceted versatile crop with excellent nutritional profile which can help to combat nutritional disorders and climate change. In this study, we evaluated the global pearl millet germplasm panel known as PMiGAP for natural variation and genetic maker trait associations for important minerals, that is, iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium along with phytate. The genotypes IP‐15947, IP‐5121, IP‐4020, IP‐12768, IP‐5695, IP‐8786 and IP‐11310 were found to be superior for majority of minerals examined but had lower phytate‐to‐zinc ratio. Phytate/mineral molar ratios are typically used to predict the bioavailability of iron and calcium contents in grains, and surprisingly none of the PMiGAP genotypes showed such ratios below threshold indicating PMiGAP entries studied in this study seriously suffer from bioavailability issues of these minerals. On the other hand, 73 genotypes had lower zinc/phytate ratio than the threshold in the germplasm panel. Iron and zinc content had significant positive association among them but phytate content in general was not significantly correlated with minerals except for magnesium and potassium. A genome‐wide association study using 456 K SNPs identified 74 significant marker–trait associations and 59 candidate genes around 50 Kb distance near the significant SNPs. Ten significant SNPs were found within the candidate genes. The associated markers and the candidate genes provide new insights into the genetic architecture of the mineral traits studied and will facilitate marker‐assisted selection to accelerate breeding of such minerals in future varieties to combat rising malnutrition problem via diet.

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Amino Acid Transporters in Plants: Identification and Function

Cited by 90 publications

References 125 publications

Nitrogen Uptake in Plants: The Plasma Membrane Root Transport Systems from a Physiological and Proteomic Perspective

Nitrogen Uptake in Plants: The Plasma Membrane Root Transport Systems from a Physiological and Proteomic Perspective

Proline Concentration and Its Metabolism Are Regulated in a Leaf Age Dependent Manner But Not by Abscisic Acid in Pea Plants Exposed to Cadmium Stress

Genetic dissection of minerals and phytate content in pearl millet germplasm panel using genome‐wide association study

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