Amino acid δ15N indicates lack of N isotope fractionation during soil organic nitrogen decomposition

Philben, Michael; Billings, Sharon A.; Edwards, Kate A.; Podrebarac, Frances A.; Biesen, Geert Van; Ziegler, Susan E.

doi:10.1007/s10533-018-0429-y

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…6). Moreover, the mean V value of fine particles was similar to or slightly higher than that measured in "fresh" materials (McCarthy et al, 2007;Philben et Philben et al (2018). d Batista et al (2014Batista et al ( ).…”

Section: Bacterial Signature In Aerosol Aassupporting

confidence: 72%

“…9). The mean V value of fine particles in the five sampling sites (average = 2.4 ± 1.1 ‰) was similar to or slightly higher than that of plants and soil collected around sampling sites; phytoplankton (1.0 ‰) and zooplankton (1.5 ‰) in marine sources (McCarthy et al, 2007); needle (average = 1.5 ± 0.1 ‰), moss (average = 1.1 ± 0.02 ‰) and soil (average = 1.4 ± 0.1 ‰) samples measured in a balsam fir forest (Philben et al, 2018); and marine POM (average = 2.3 ± 0.7 ‰) (Batista et al, 2014;McCarthy et al, 2007). In contrast, V values of coarse particles were equal to or even higher than those of more degraded materials, such as marine DOM reworked by bacterial heterotrophy (average = 3.0 ± 0.5 ‰) (Batista et al, 2014).…”

Section: Bacterial Signature In Aerosol Aasmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Thus, substantial δ 15 N pattern shifts of trophic AAs can index bacterial heterotrophy processes. V , defined as the average deviation in the δ 15 N values of the trophic AA, has therefore been established to track the degree of bacterial degradation of AAs in marine and terrestrial environments (McCarthy et al, 2007;Philben et al, 2018;Yamaguchi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement report: Hydrolyzed amino acids in fine and coarse atmospheric aerosol in Nanchang, China: concentrations, compositions, sources and possible bacterial degradation state

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Amino acids (AAs) are relevant for nitrogen cycles, climate change and public health. Their size distribution may help to uncover the source, transformation and fate of protein in the atmosphere. This paper explores the use of compound-specific δ15N patterns of hydrolyzed amino acid (HAA), δ15N values of total hydrolyzed amino acid (δ15NTHAA), degradation index (DI) and the variance within trophic AAs (∑V) as markers to examine the sources and processing history of different sizes of particle in the atmosphere. Two weeks of daily aerosol samples from five sampling sites in the Nanchang area (Jiangxi Province, China) and samples of main emission sources of AAs in aerosols (biomass burning, soil and plants) were collected (Zhu et al., 2020). Here, we measured the concentrations and δ15N values of each HAA in two size-segregated aerosol particles (> 2.5 µm and PM2.5). Our results showed that the average concentrations of THAA in fine particles was nearly 6 times higher than that in coarse particles (p < 0.01) and composition profiles of fine and coarse particles were quite different from each other. The δ15N values of hydrolyzed glycine and THAA in both fine and coarse particles were typically in the range of those from biomass burning, soil and plant sources. Moreover, the average difference in the δ15NTHAA value between fine and coarse particles was smaller than 1.5 ‰. These results suggested that the sources of atmospheric HAAs for fine and coarse particles might be similar. Meanwhile, compared to fine particles, significantly lower DI values (p < 0.05), “scattered” δ15N distribution in trophic AA and higher ∑V values (p < 0.05) were observed in coarse particles. But the difference in δ15N values of source AA (glycine, serine, phenylalanine and lysine) and THAA between coarse particles and fine particles was relatively small. It is likely that AAs in coarse particles have advanced bacterial degradation states compared to fine particles. Besides that, the significant increase in DI values and a decrease in ∑V values for coarse particles were observed on days on which precipitation fell (p < 0.05). This implies that “fresh” AAs in coarse particles were likely released following the precipitation.

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Section: Bacterial Signature In Aerosol Aassupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Bacterial Signature In Aerosol Aasmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement report: Hydrolyzed amino acids in fine and coarse atmospheric aerosol in Nanchang, China: concentrations, compositions, sources and possible bacterial degradation state

et al. 2021

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“…This suggests that the free Gly emitted during rainfall periods are probably from natural sources, which is in accordance with the results of the variation in the AAs composition. Philben et al () analyzed the fractionation associated with the depolymerization of peptides to amino acids. They found that amino acid δ 15 N values did not change during organic nitrogen decomposition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

et al. 2020

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Amino acids is an important organic nitrogen compound class in aerosol. Its origins and transformation in the atmosphere remain poorly understood. The concentrations of free amino acids (FAAs) and combined amino acids (CAAs) and δ15N values of free and combined Glycine (Gly) in PM2.5 and main emission sources (plant, soil, and aerosol from biomass burning) were investigated from five sampling sites in Nanchang area (Jiangxi Province, China). Our results showed that the composition profiles of CAAs and FAAs were quite different from each other in PM2.5. For CAAs, percentages of individual combined amino acids were different between biomass burning sources and plant or soil sources, and we found that the composition profiles of aerosol CAAs could reflect the contribution of the main emission sources. For FAAs, a predominance of free Gly was observed in aerosol FAAs pool because atmospheric photooxidative processes could increase free Gly and decrease other reactive FAAs. This implied that the composition of aerosol FAAs could not reflect their origins. A strong correlation between δ15NF‐Gly values in aerosols or sources and the δ15NC‐Gly values in their parent CAAs was observed, indicating that the isotope effect associated with Gly transformation in aerosols may be small. Additionally, we found more positive δ15NGly in aerosols emitted by biomass burning, which was likely due to 15N‐depleted amino‐N loss from Gly molecule. The results suggested that δ15NGly values in aerosols might be used to identify biomass burning sources.

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“…In this study, we used the EZfaast kit, as it is considered to be the easiest, fastest, and safest method to work in GC analysis. This kit was tested previously for the use in AA-CSIA, was considered unsuccessful due to poor separation between amino acids (Philben et al, 2018). However, the likely cause of this poor separation was the use of the Zebron AAA (10 m) column that comes standard with the ezfaast kit and is designed for rapid GC analysis (10 min).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Derivatization Protocols on the Calculation of Trophic Position Using Amino Acids Compound-Specific Stable Isotopes

et al. 2020

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Amino acids compound-specific nitrogen stable isotope analysis (AA-CSIA) is an emerging tool in ecology for understanding trophic system dynamics. While it has been successfully used for several independent studies across a range of environments and study locations, researchers have encountered calculation issues for determining trophic position values. Most studies introduce modifications to the constants of trophic position equation calculations, but then fail to account for the equation variations when comparing across separate research studies. The broad acceptance of this approach is anchored in an underlying presumption that no addition of the exogenous nitrogen atom occurs in the different methods; and therefore, such variations should not affect the outcome. In this paper, we evaluate the use of the EZfaast amino acid derivatization kit (chloroformate) and compare it to the isotopic results of two other derivatization methods. We highlight new considerations for working with AA-CSIA that might account for some of the variations in the results and lead researchers to modify constants in the equation. This study concludes that developing unique constants per derivatization method is required to have more accurate cross-study comparisons of trophic positions.

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Amino acid δ15N indicates lack of N isotope fractionation during soil organic nitrogen decomposition

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Measurement report: Hydrolyzed amino acids in fine and coarse atmospheric aerosol in Nanchang, China: concentrations, compositions, sources and possible bacterial degradation state

Measurement report: Hydrolyzed amino acids in fine and coarse atmospheric aerosol in Nanchang, China: concentrations, compositions, sources and possible bacterial degradation state

Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

Effect of Different Derivatization Protocols on the Calculation of Trophic Position Using Amino Acids Compound-Specific Stable Isotopes

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