Amino acids and starch digestibility and true metabolizable energy content of raw and extruded jackbeans (Canavalia ensiformis) in adult cockerels

León, A; Carré, Bernard; Larbier, M.; Lim, Franklin; Ladjali, T.; Picard, Michel

doi:10.1051/animres:19900106

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thus, Leon et al (1990) found that the AMEN content of raw canavalia was 11.6 MJ/kg whereas, after extrusion, the ME value rose to 13.3 MJ/kg. However, the values reported by DMello et al (1985) and Leon et al (1986) of 11.8 and 10.5 MJ/kg, respectively, are rather lower than those quoted by Leon et al (1989a).…”

Section: Protcinmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Although it has been suggested that non-structural carbohydrates in legume seeds are not well utilised by monogastric animals, either because of differences in the amylose-amylopectin ratio of the starch (Rao and Rao, 1978) or because of the presence of heteropolysaccharides and oligosaccharides (Bell, 19781, data published by DMello et al (1985) and Leon et al (1990) have shown that canavalia carbohydrates are a good source of energy with starch and amylose contents of about 287-350 g/kg (Molina and Bressani, 1975;Kay, 1979;Ledn et al, 1989a).…”

Section: Protcinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformisL. DC) in poultry diets: antinutritional factors and detoxification studies – a review

Belmar

Nava-Montero

Sandoval-Castro

et al. 1999

World's Poultry Science Journal

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A review is given on the effects of the inclusion of Jack beans (Canavalia ensifomis L. DC) in poultry diets. Their use is restricted by the presence of a number of antinutritional factors which affect performance when consumed by poultry. The principals of these are identified as concanavalin-A (a lectin), canavanine and canaline (so-called non-protein amino acids), urease and saponins. The mechanisms of their toxicity and the rationale behind the methods that have been used to detoxify Jack beans are described. These mainly involve heat processing, but other approaches such as ensiling, fermentation and addition of chemicals have been applied. It is concluded that, although substantial improvements in nutritional value can result from a number of such treatments, processed Jack beans still contain a residual toxic component which results in depressions in growth rate, food intake and food conversion efficiency when they are included in poultry diets.

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Section: Protcinmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Protcinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformisL. DC) in poultry diets: antinutritional factors and detoxification studies – a review

Belmar

Nava-Montero

Sandoval-Castro

et al. 1999

World's Poultry Science Journal

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“…The adverse effect of jack beans in animal diets has been attributed in part to the presence of canavanine (Escobar et al 1983;D'Mello et al 1985;Kessler et al 1990) and/or the formation of canaline following the ingestion of canavanine (Acamovic & D'Mello 1990). Whereas heat treatment is considered to be an effective means of inactivating concanavalin-A (Kessler et al 1990;Leon et al 1990;Huisman & Tolman 1992) the stability of canavanine at temperatures up to 184 °C (Merck 1989) requires an alternative strategy for detoxification. Other procedures investigated include a combination of heat treatment with soaking in water or soaking and shaking (D'Mello et al 1985;Leon et al 1987), ensiling with urea and/or ammonia (Montilla et al 1981), alcohol extraction (Martinez et al 1988), acid extraction (Martinez et al 1988;Ologhobo et al 1993) and alkaline extraction (D 'Mello & Walker 1991;Ologhobo et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the inclusion of treated jack beans (Canavalia ensiformis) and the amino acid canavanine in chick diets

Belmar

Morris

1994

J. Agric. Sci.

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Three experiments were conducted in Merida, Mexico, between 1987 and1990 in which jack beans, treated in various ways, were included in chick diets at the rate of 300 g/kg diet. The diets were balanced by appropriate supplementation to provide the same concentrations of energy, minerals, vitamins and principal essential amino acids as control diets based on maize or sorghum and soyabean meal. Boiling jack beans or soaking and shaking them and the combination of boiling with soaking and shaking were studied with a view to removing or inactivating toxic factors and enhancing the utilization of the beans as a livestock feed. A fourth experiment was conducted to evaluate the contribution of canavanine to the deleterious effect observed when broiler chicks are fed diets containing treated jack beans and to examine the effect of canavanine on the efficiency of protein retention of broiler chicks.Boiling for 1 or 2 h reduced the toxicity of jack beans, but chick growth rate was only half that of controls. The combination of boiling, followed by soaking and shaking, removed most of the jack beans' anti-nutritional factors, but some toxic effects were left in the beans, causing a depression of c. 10% in feed intake and growth rate. Growth, feed intake and protein utilization of chicks were not affected when canavanine was added to a sorghum-soyabean diet at a level (3-5 g/kg diet) which matched the canavanine present in a diet containing 300 g/kg boiled jack beans.It was concluded that boiling was a satisfactory procedure for the inactivation of the heat-labile lectins in jack beans and that soaking and shaking was an effective method of reducing canavanine and the haemolytic activity of the saponins in jack beans. However, canavanine was found not to be the main toxic or anti-nutritional factor present in jack beans.

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“…These findings align with the results reported by D'mello et al [15], who discovered that jackbeans soaked in water for 20 hours at 40°C, minced, and autoclaved for 1 hour, had the highest AME value of 2814.2 kcal/kg, and the highest N-corrected AME value of 2868 kcal/kg. Additionally, Leon et al [16] reported an increase in the value of N-corrected TME from 2771 kcal/kg in raw jackbeans to 3183 kcal/kg in extruded jackbeans tested in adult cockerels.…”

Section: Metabolic Energy and Digestible Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and nutritional properties of jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) meal: a prospective alternative ingredient for poultry feed

Mutia,

Ridla,

Hermana

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Canavalia ensiformis L. (jackbean) meal shows potential as an ingredient for poultry feed protein source, providing essential nutrients for poultry growth while reducing dependence on soybean meal. However, the incorporation of jackbean meal in poultry rations is limited due to a need for comprehensive information on factors such as nutritional and anti-nutritional content, digestibility, and nutrient utilization. This experiment is designed to contribute valuable insights into the potential of jackbean meal as an alternative protein source for poultry feed by assessing its physicochemical value, metabolizable energy, and protein digestibility. The study assessed the crude levels of protein, fiber, ash, and ether extract, as well as the presence of HCN. Additionally, it evaluated the bulk and tapped density of peeled and unpeeled jackbean meal compared to soybean meal. Metabolizable energy and protein digestibility were also assessed. The acquired data underwent analysis through analysis of variance and Tukey test when significances were found. The results of the experiment indicated that the physicochemical quality, metabolizable energy, and protein digestibility of the peeled and unpeeled jack bean meal was comparable to that of soybean meal. In addition, the peeled revealed better results compared to the unpeeled jackbean meal.

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Amino acids and starch digestibility and true metabolizable energy content of raw and extruded jackbeans (Canavalia ensiformis) in adult cockerels

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformisL. DC) in poultry diets: antinutritional factors and detoxification studies – a review

Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformisL. DC) in poultry diets: antinutritional factors and detoxification studies – a review

Effects of the inclusion of treated jack beans (Canavalia ensiformis) and the amino acid canavanine in chick diets

Physical and nutritional properties of jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) meal: a prospective alternative ingredient for poultry feed

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