Amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes as solid basic catalysts for the transesterification of triglycerides

Villa, Alberto; Tessonnier, Jean‐Philippe; Majoulet, Olivier; Su, Dang Sheng; Schlögl, Robert

doi:10.1039/b906123a

Cited by 60 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…[21,22] The most common synthetic route consists of three steps; oxidation of the surface to create carboxylic acid groups, acylation with thionyl chloride, and the anchoring of the desired molecule by amidation. [19,20] Although this technique is efficient, we found that the proximity of acidic O-containing functional groups to basic amino groups leads to weakly basic samples, showing poor catalytic activity and poor stability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21,22] The catalysts show high stability during regeneration/recycling cycles, thus proving that the amino groups are strongly anchored to the surface of the CNTs. [22] We also proved that the basicity of the catalyst can be tuned by grafting amines with different pKa values. Herein, we studied the effect the amount of grafted amines has on the basicity of the catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[19,20] We recently reported on the importance of the methodology in grafting organic amine molecules on the surface of CNTs to obtain active and stable catalysts for the transesterification of glyceryl tributyrate. [21,22] In particular, we developed a synthetic route where CNTs are reacted with an excess of n-butyllithium (nBuLi), followed by addition of bromo amino derivates to the activated CNTs to form the corresponding nitrogenCNTs (N-CNTs). [21,22] The catalysts show high stability during regeneration/recycling cycles, thus proving that the amino groups are strongly anchored to the surface of the CNTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21,22] In particular, we developed a synthetic route where CNTs are reacted with an excess of n-butyllithium (nBuLi), followed by addition of bromo amino derivates to the activated CNTs to form the corresponding nitrogenCNTs (N-CNTs). [21,22] The catalysts show high stability during regeneration/recycling cycles, thus proving that the amino groups are strongly anchored to the surface of the CNTs. [22] We also proved that the basicity of the catalyst can be tuned by grafting amines with different pKa values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transesterification of Triglycerides Using Nitrogen‐Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2010

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Nitrogen-functionalized carbon nanotubes were synthesized by grafting amino groups to the surface of the nanotubes. The nanotubes exhibited promising results in the base-catalyzed liquid phase transesterification of glyceryl tributyrate with methanol, which is a model reaction for the production of biodiesel. The concentration of the active sites and the reaction parameters, such as temperature and glyceryl tributyrate to methanol ratio, were shown to significantly affect catalytic performance. The grafting technique employed allowed for design and control of the active sites. As a consequence, it was possible to design a nitrogen-functionalized carbon nanotube catalyst with a few strong, basic groups. This might be of interest for carbohydrate conversion reactions where strong basic sites are required but the pH of the solution should remain mild to avoid the degradation of the reactants and/or products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transesterification of Triglycerides Using Nitrogen‐Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2010

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“…For example, amino grafted nanotubes were produced by deprotonating CNTs with n-BuLi followed by an electrophilic substitution of bromo amino derivatives (triethylamine, ethylamine, pyrolidine) [129][130][131]. Active sites grafted by C-C coupling were significantly more active and stable for the transesterification of tributyrin than amino groups tethered by oxidation-amidation (Fig.…”

Section: Acid-base Catalyzed Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional carbons and carbon nanohybrids for the catalytic conversion of biomass to renewable chemicals in the condensed phase

Matthiesen

Hoff

Liu

et al. 2014

Chinese Journal of Catalysis

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The production of chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass provides opportunities to synthesize chemicals with new functionalities and grow a more sustainable chemical industry. However, new challenges emerge as research transitions from petrochemistry to biorenewable chemistry. Compared to petrochemisty, the selective conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates requires most catalytic reactions to take place at low temperatures (< 300 °C) and in the condensed phase to prevent reactants and products from degrading. The stability of heterogeneous catalysts in liquid water above the normal boiling point represents one of the major challenges to overcome. Herein, we review some of the latest advances in the field with an emphasis on the role of carbon materials and carbon nanohybrids in addressing this challenge. ABSTRACTThe production of chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass provides opportunities to synthesize chemicals with new functionalities and grow a more sustainable chemical industry. However, new challenges emerge as research transitions from petrochemistry to biorenewable chemistry. Compared to petrochemisty, the selective conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates requires most catalytic reactions to take place at low temperatures (< 300 °C) and in the condensed phase to prevent reactants and products from degrading. The stability of heterogeneous catalysts in liquid water above the normal boiling point represents one of the major challenges to overcome. Herein, we review some of the latest advances in the field with an emphasis on the role of carbon materials and carbon nanohybrids in addressing this challenge.

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Carbon Nanomaterials: Synthetic Approaches

Tessonnier

2011

Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences

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The sections in this article are Introduction General Concepts on the Synthesis of Carbon (Nano‐)Materials Uncatalyzed Synthesis of Carbon (Nano‐)Materials Catalyzed Synthesis of Carbon (Nano‐)Materials Synthesis from Solid Precursors Nanodiamonds Turning Graphite into Diamond Explosive Detonation Synthesis Fullerenes, Nanohorns, Single‐ and Multi‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition Definitions Mechanistic Aspects Single‐ and Multi‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes Floating Catalyst CCVD Immobilized Catalyst CCVD Aligned Carbon Nanotubes Carbon Nanotubes Synthesized from Biocompatible Catalysts Metal‐ and PAH ‐Induced Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes Purification Techniques Importance of Defects and Curvature for Further Functionalization Functionalization: Creating Anchoring Points for Bioactive Molecules Functionalization by Oxidation Functionalization by Coupling Reactions Noncovalent Functionalization Conclusion and Outlook

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Amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes as solid basic catalysts for the transesterification of triglycerides

Abstract: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes grafted with various amino groups show high activity and stability when used as basic catalysts for the transesterification of triglycerides.

Cited by 60 publications

References 21 publications

Transesterification of Triglycerides Using Nitrogen‐Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes

Transesterification of Triglycerides Using Nitrogen‐Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes

Functional carbons and carbon nanohybrids for the catalytic conversion of biomass to renewable chemicals in the condensed phase

Carbon Nanomaterials: Synthetic Approaches

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