“…In aquatic organisms, the effects of AMPA exposure are controversial, ranging from low toxicity to numerous adverse effects, including increased mortality, development delay, increased morphological abnormalities, genotoxicity, increased oxidative stress, cardiac defects, hepatic inflammatory response or changes in metabolic activity (Antunes et al, 2017; Barreto et al, 2023; Cheron et al, 2022; Cheron and Brischoux, 2023, 2020; Guilherme et al, 2014; Ivantsova et al, 2022; Levine et al, 2015; Martins-Gomes et al, 2022; Matozzo et al, 2018; Tartu et al, 2022; Zhang et al, 2021). However, despite the numerous adverse effects reported on non-target organisms, AMPA is not under particular scrutiny, and the underlying mechanisms involved in its ecotoxicity are poorly identified.…”