Aminophylline in bradyasystolic cardiac arrest

Hayward, Elizabeth; Showler, Laurie; Soar, Jasmeet

doi:10.1136/emj.2007.051342

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In this study, LPO was purified from skimmed bovine milk using Amberlite CG‐50‐NH 4 + resin and CNBr‐activated sepharose 4B‐sulfanilamide affinity column chromatography . LPO was obtained from skimmed bovine milk 407.0‐fold with a yield of 75.0% (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The inhibition effects of some natural products on lactoperoxidase purified from bovine milk

Köksal

Kalın

Gerni

et al. 2017

J Biochem Mol Toxicol

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In this study, inhibition profiles of some natural products, which are digoxin, L-Dopa, dopamine, isoliquiritigenin, and 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(p-hydroxyphenyl)ethane (Tetrakis), were investigated against bovine lactoperoxidase (LPO) enzyme. Digoxin, L-Dopa, and dopamine are active ingredients of some drugs, which have important functions in our body, especially in cases of heart failure. Isoliquiritigenin and tetrakis are types of natural phenolic compounds, which play an important role in cancer prevention and treatment. LPO enzyme was purified from bovine milk using sepharose-4B-l-tyrosine sulfonamide affinity column chromatography. LPO is responsible for the nonimmune biological defense system and has antibacterial activity so selection of these active substances is important. The inhibition studies are performed with the ABTS substrate. Bovine LPO enzyme was effectively inhibited by phenolic molecules. K values of these natural products were found as 0.20 ± 0.09, 0.22 ± 0.17, 0.49 ± 0.11, 0.49 ± 0.27, and 1.20 ± 0.25 μM, respectively. Tetrakis and digoxin exhibited noncompetitive inhibition, and other molecules showed competitive inhibition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In treatment of Parkinson's disease, L‐Dopa is used to increase dopamine concentrations . Also dopamine is well‐known biological active compound . Outside the nervous system, dopamine in several parts of the body functions as a local chemical messenger.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inhibition effects of some natural products on lactoperoxidase purified from bovine milk

Köksal

Kalın

Gerni

et al. 2017

J Biochem Mol Toxicol

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“…Specifically, because endogenous adenosine (which accumulates during hypoxia and ischemia) may perpetuate asystole, the use of aminophylline, a nonselective AR antagonist, in the setting of cardiac arrest has been proposed as an acute pharmacologic intervention to improve resuscitation outcome (Viskin et al 1993). However, subsequent studies have shown that aminophylline offers no benefits in this situation (Hayward et al 2007). …”

Section: Cardiac Electrophysiology Of Adenosine: Recent Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenosine Receptors and the Heart: Role in Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow and Cardiac Electrophysiology

Mustafa

Morrison

Teng

et al. 2009

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

213

212

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Adenosine is an autacoid that plays a critical role in regulating cardiac function, including heart rate, contractility, and coronary flow. In this chapter, current knowledge of the functions and mechanisms of action of coronary flow regulation and electrophysiology will be discussed. Currently, there are four known adenosine receptor (AR) subtypes, namely A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. All four subtypes are known to regulate coronary flow. In general, A2AAR is the predominant receptor subtype responsible for coronary blood flow regulation, which dilates coronary arteries in both an endothelial-dependent and -independent manner. The roles of other ARs and their mechanisms of action will also be discussed. The increasing popularity of gene-modified models with targeted deletion or overexpression of a single AR subtype has helped to elucidate the roles of each receptor subtype. Combining pharmacologic tools with targeted gene deletion of individual AR subtypes has proven invaluable for discriminating the vascular effects unique to the activation of each AR subtype. Adenosine exerts its cardiac electrophysiologic effects mainly through the activation of A1AR. This receptor mediates direct as well as indirect effects of adenosine (i.e., anti-β-adrenergic effects). In supraventricular tissues (atrial myocytes, sinua-trial node and atriovetricular node), adenosine exerts both direct and indirect effects, while it exerts only indirect effects in the ventricle. Adenosine exerts a negative chronotropic effect by suppressing the automaticity of cardiac pacemakers, and a negative dromotropic effect through inhibition of AV-nodal conduction. These effects of adenosine constitute the rationale for its use as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent. In recent years, efforts have been made to develop A1R-selective agonists as drug candidates that do not induce vasodilation, which is considered an undesirable effect in the clinical setting.

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“…Although occurring only in small numbers, this bradycardia nonetheless carries a significant risk of transforming into bradyasystolic cardiac arrest that is refractory to atropine or epinephrine administration. Once this bradyasystole occurs, the mortality can be as high as 44% [ 27 ]. Novel therapies such as the use of aminophylline and percussion pacing have been employed to manage this condition, but mortality rates have remained high [ 28 ], which is consistent with our outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrhythmia in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Six-Month Retrospective Analysis From the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases

Mueed

Khatti

Ashraf

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Introduction Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a devastating medical emergency that requires immediate pharmacological and radiological intervention. With the advent of techniques such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), pacemakers, and percussion pacing, survival rates have improved significantly. However, there are certain factors and complications associated with AMI that still lead to a high mortality rate, such as old age, advanced heart disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), and arrhythmias. Factors such as the type of arrhythmia, the heart rate, and the level at which dissociation occurs between atrial and ventricular rhythm all influence mortality and morbidity rates. Outcomes are further influenced by the sex of the patient, the type of AMI [ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)], history of smoking, arrival times at the hospital, presence of hyperglycemia, previous history of cardiac surgery, and the need for a temporary pacemaker or a permanent pacemaker. As with most scientific studies, local data from Pakistan is hard to find on this topic as well. With this study, we hope to contribute valuable information and updates to the study of a developing problem from the developing world. Objective We aimed to analyze the frequency and outcomes of different types of arrhythmia in AMI. Methods This study involved a retrospective observational cohort. It was conducted at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi from January 2019 to July 2019 (six months). All data were retrieved from the online database at the NICVD. Written consent was obtained from all patients. Patient confidentiality was ensured at all times. Results A total of 500 patients were included in the study. The mean age of our cohort was 56.17 ±14.01 years. NSTEMI was more prevalent than STEMI. Sinus arrhythmia (SA) was the most frequently recorded arrhythmia and had the best survival rates. Atrioventricular (AV) nodal blocks and ventricular tachycardia (VT) had the worst outcomes. The overall mortality rate was 11.4%, and the mean in-hospital length of stay was 2.07 ±1.54 days. Smoking increased mortality in all cases. Conclusions AMI is complicated by several types of arrhythmia. SA is the most common arrhythmia in AMI. Mortality in AMI is largely due to AV nodal blocks and VT. Smoking increases mortality in all cases.

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Aminophylline in bradyasystolic cardiac arrest

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

The inhibition effects of some natural products on lactoperoxidase purified from bovine milk

The inhibition effects of some natural products on lactoperoxidase purified from bovine milk

Adenosine Receptors and the Heart: Role in Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow and Cardiac Electrophysiology

Arrhythmia in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Six-Month Retrospective Analysis From the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases

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