Amiodarone-induced cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis: a case report and a review of the literature

Amiodarone-Induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis in a Decompensated Heart Failure Patient: A Case Report

“…Among medications, amiodarone has been implicated in vasculitis, specifically LCV, although the exact mechanisms remain less understood [ 3 - 5 ]. Current literature suggests the potential involvement of immune complexes formed by amiodarone or its metabolites, triggering an inflammatory response within blood vessel walls, thereby leading to vasculitis [ 3 , 4 ].…”

“…LCV case with a history of ischemic heart disease exacerbated by an influenza vaccine, leading to acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis Ippoliti et al [14] LCV occurrence post-heart transplant alongside immunotherapy, indicating a potential link between immunosuppression and vasculitis Rao et al [15] LCV manifestation following Mycoplasma-induced upper respiratory tract superinfection, characterized by conspicuous skin lesions Pingili et al [16] Diffuse LCV and acute renal failure observed after intravenous vancomycin administration, highlighting a medicationtriggered LCV case Elantably et al [17] LCV diagnosis subsequent to warfarin prescription for rheumatic heart disease, exhibiting classic manifestations of LCV Missoum et al [18] Vaccine-induced LCV linked to the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, diagnosed due to lack of alternative etiology postvaccination Orlando et al [19] LCV coexisting with heart failure showing reduced ejection fraction due to ANCA-negative vasculitides, emphasizing the cardiac implications of vasculitis Golan et al [20] Systemic vasculitis in a patient with Sjögren's syndrome, leading to exertional dyspnea and orthopnea, showing reversibility post-immunosuppressant therapy and improved ejection fraction ANCA: antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; LCV: leukocytoclastic vasculitis Among medications, amiodarone has been implicated in vasculitis, specifically LCV, although the exact mechanisms remain less understood [3][4][5]. Current literature suggests the potential involvement of immune complexes formed by amiodarone or its metabolites, triggering an inflammatory response within blood vessel walls, thereby leading to vasculitis [3,4].…”

“…Multiple other triggers can manifest, including infections, medications, autoimmune disorders, and malignancies, with up to 50% of cases having an unclear cause [3]. Amiodarone-induced LCV is rare and not widely reported [4,5]. While LCV is a relatively uncommon clinical entity, its association with certain medications, including amiodarone, has been documented in the medical literature.…”