Pathophysiology

2011

DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2010.05.003

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Amlodipine treatment decreases plasma and carotid artery tissue levels of endothelin-1 in atherosclerotic rabbits

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Mostafa Mohammadi

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et al.

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Gene Expression Profiling In Male and Female Eet-1 Mice1

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Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…ET-1 has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. The plasma and arterial tissue ET-1 levels are increased in animals and patients with atherosclerosis (27,28,36,39). ET-1-induced increase in expression of genes involved in lipid biosynthesis might play a role in the development of atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Gene Expression Profiling In Male and Female Eet-1 Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular gene expression in mice overexpressing human endothelin-1 targeted to the endothelium

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Li²,

et al. 2011

Physiological Genomics

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Simeone SM, Li MW, Paradis P, Schiffrin EL. Vascular gene expression in mice overexpressing human endothelin-1 targeted to the endothelium. Physiol Genomics 43: 148 -160, 2011. First published November 2, 2010; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00218.2009.-Endothelin (ET)-1 plays an important pathophysiological role in several vascular diseases including hypertension and atherosclerosis. Transgenic mice overexpressing human preproET-1 selectively in the endothelium (eET-1) exhibit vascular injury in the absence of blood pressure elevation. ET-1 overexpression may induce vascular injury by inducing changes in gene expression. To understand mechanisms whereby ET-1 induces vascular damage, vascular gene expression profiling was performed using DNA microarrays. RNA from mesenteric arteries of male and female young (6 -7 wk) and mature (6 -8 mo) eET-1 and wild-type (WT) mice was isolated, and changes in gene expression were determined by genome-wide expression profiling using Illumina microarray and FlexArray software. Data were analyzed using a relaxed and a stringent statistical approach. The gene lists were compared and analyzed as well with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. The most common change was an increase in the expression of lipid metabolism genes. Four of these genes were validated by qPCR, cyp51, dgat2, and scd1 genes in young and elovl6 in both young and mature male mice, supporting a role of ET-1 in atherosclerosis. To test the hypothesis that ET-1 participates in mechanisms leading to atherosclerosis, we crossed eET-1 with atherosclerosisprone apoE Ϫ/Ϫ mice to determine whether ET-1 overexpression exacerbates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced atherosclerosis using oil red O staining of descending thoracic aorta. HFD increased lipid plaques by 3-, 27-, and 86-fold in eET-1, apoE Ϫ/Ϫ , and crossed mice, respectively, vs. WT. This suggests that increased endothelial ET-1 expression results in early changes in gene expression in the vascular wall that enhance lipid biosynthesis and accelerate progression of atherosclerosis. aorta; artery; lipid biosynthesis; vascular remodeling; inflammation; atherosclerosis ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION IS characterized by increased peripheral resistance to blood flow (48). The vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) (58), which has a critical role in normal development and probably in regulation of blood flow in normal physiology (24), has been associated with increased blood pressure (BP) in human and experimental animal studies (1, 47). ET-1 has also been implicated in other pathophysiological conditions such as pulmonary hypertension (16), atherosclerosis (4, 22, 56), heart failure (17,19,35,46,52), myocardial infarction (8, 34), and chronic renal failure (1, 11, 37), among others (49). ET-1 is produced predominantly by endothelial cells but also by many other cells and tissues such as vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, macrophages/ monocytes and cardiomyocytes, as well as noncardiovascular cells and tissues such as renal tubular epithelial cells, glial cells, and pituitary cell...

“…ET-1 has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. The plasma and arterial tissue ET-1 levels are increased in animals and patients with atherosclerosis (27,28,36,39). ET-1-induced increase in expression of genes involved in lipid biosynthesis might play a role in the development of atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Gene Expression Profiling In Male and Female Eet-1 Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular gene expression in mice overexpressing human endothelin-1 targeted to the endothelium

¹

,

Li²,

et al. 2011

Physiological Genomics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Simeone SM, Li MW, Paradis P, Schiffrin EL. Vascular gene expression in mice overexpressing human endothelin-1 targeted to the endothelium. Physiol Genomics 43: 148 -160, 2011. First published November 2, 2010; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00218.2009.-Endothelin (ET)-1 plays an important pathophysiological role in several vascular diseases including hypertension and atherosclerosis. Transgenic mice overexpressing human preproET-1 selectively in the endothelium (eET-1) exhibit vascular injury in the absence of blood pressure elevation. ET-1 overexpression may induce vascular injury by inducing changes in gene expression. To understand mechanisms whereby ET-1 induces vascular damage, vascular gene expression profiling was performed using DNA microarrays. RNA from mesenteric arteries of male and female young (6 -7 wk) and mature (6 -8 mo) eET-1 and wild-type (WT) mice was isolated, and changes in gene expression were determined by genome-wide expression profiling using Illumina microarray and FlexArray software. Data were analyzed using a relaxed and a stringent statistical approach. The gene lists were compared and analyzed as well with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. The most common change was an increase in the expression of lipid metabolism genes. Four of these genes were validated by qPCR, cyp51, dgat2, and scd1 genes in young and elovl6 in both young and mature male mice, supporting a role of ET-1 in atherosclerosis. To test the hypothesis that ET-1 participates in mechanisms leading to atherosclerosis, we crossed eET-1 with atherosclerosisprone apoE Ϫ/Ϫ mice to determine whether ET-1 overexpression exacerbates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced atherosclerosis using oil red O staining of descending thoracic aorta. HFD increased lipid plaques by 3-, 27-, and 86-fold in eET-1, apoE Ϫ/Ϫ , and crossed mice, respectively, vs. WT. This suggests that increased endothelial ET-1 expression results in early changes in gene expression in the vascular wall that enhance lipid biosynthesis and accelerate progression of atherosclerosis. aorta; artery; lipid biosynthesis; vascular remodeling; inflammation; atherosclerosis ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION IS characterized by increased peripheral resistance to blood flow (48). The vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) (58), which has a critical role in normal development and probably in regulation of blood flow in normal physiology (24), has been associated with increased blood pressure (BP) in human and experimental animal studies (1, 47). ET-1 has also been implicated in other pathophysiological conditions such as pulmonary hypertension (16), atherosclerosis (4, 22, 56), heart failure (17,19,35,46,52), myocardial infarction (8, 34), and chronic renal failure (1, 11, 37), among others (49). ET-1 is produced predominantly by endothelial cells but also by many other cells and tissues such as vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, macrophages/ monocytes and cardiomyocytes, as well as noncardiovascular cells and tissues such as renal tubular epithelial cells, glial cells, and pituitary cell...

“…Development of plaques and proliferation of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells are associated with the development of fibrinolytic lesion or fat-rich fibrous cap that cause a 90% decrease in vessels, stenosis and hence decrease in blood flow. [67] Evolution and progression of atherosclerosis are associated with the involvement of T-lymphocytes and development of acute coronary syndrome. [6] With increased accumulation of lipoproteins in macrophages and addition of necrosis process, lipid core forms a connective tissue, composed of collagen fibers, elastic fibers, proteoglycans, and fibrous capsule, around plaques.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[67] Evolution and progression of atherosclerosis are associated with the involvement of T-lymphocytes and development of acute coronary syndrome. [6] With increased accumulation of lipoproteins in macrophages and addition of necrosis process, lipid core forms a connective tissue, composed of collagen fibers, elastic fibers, proteoglycans, and fibrous capsule, around plaques. [8] A sensitive plaque with a nucleus full of lipid and fibrous cap causes pressure to and rupture of the vessel and plaque, collagen and lipid enter bloodstream thrombogenically and develop venous thrombosis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of plant-based compounds and medicinal plants effective on atherosclerosis

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et al. 2017

J Res Med Sci

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Atherosclerosis is one of the most important cardiovascular diseases that involve vessels through the development of fatty streaks and plaques. Plant-based compounds can help treat or prevent atherosclerosis through affecting the involved factors. The main purpose of this review article is to investigate and introduce medicinal plants and their potential activities regarding antioxidant properties, effective on lipids level and development of plaque, atherosclerosis, and progression of atherosclerosis as well as the development of cardiovascular disease and ischemia. To search for the relevant articles indexed in Information Sciences Institute, PubMed, Scientific Information Database, IranMedex, and Scopus between 1980 and 2013, with further emphasis on those indexed from 2004 to 2015, we used these search terms: atherosclerosis, antioxidant, cholesterol, inflammation, and the medicinal plants below. Then, the articles with inclusion criteria were used in the final analysis of the findings. Plant-based active compounds, including phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidants, can be effective on atherosclerosis predisposing factors and hence in preventing this disease and associated harmful complications, especially through reducing cholesterol, preventing increase in free radicals, and ultimately decreasing vascular plaque and vascular resistance. Hence, medicinal plants can contribute to treating atherosclerosis and preventing its progression through reducing cholesterolemia, free radicals, inflammation, vascular resistance, and certain enzymes. They, alone or in combination with hypocholesterolemic drugs, can therefore be useful for patients with hyperlipidemia and its complications.

“…Treatment with medicinal plants and their compounds has the potential to prevent acute coronary syndromes, cardiac and cerebral ischemia, or ischemia in other tissues through inhibition of coagulant, inflammatory, plaque-developing activities, and cardiac enzymes as well as by increasing antioxidant enzymes. Regarding this disease, it can be said that many medicinal plants have considerable antioxidant potential and can therefore play significant roles in fighting free radicals [42].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Most Important Medicinal Plants Effective in Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

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et al. 2019

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: Ischemia, referring to reduction and restriction of perfusion to myocardial tissue which involves coronary artery through the formation of misplaced clots and thrombosis, is one of the most important cardiovascular diseases. Plant-based compounds help to improve or prevent disease by affecting the factors involved in the disease. This review was conducted to report the medicinal plants and factors effective in cardiac ischemiareperfusion (I/R) injury to supplement the knowledge about this disease and its prevention and treatment using certain medicinal plants and their active compounds. For this purpose, medicinal plants and their potential antioxidant activities, effects on lipid levels and plaque formation, atherosclerosis and development of cardiovascular diseases and ischemia were reviewed. Methods: To conduct this review, relevant articles published between 1983 and 2018 were retrieved from the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scientific Information Database, Web of Science, and Scopus using search terms antioxidant, ischemia, reperfusion, heart, infarct, inflammation, cholesterol and medicinal plants. Then, the eligible articles were reviewed. Results: The active compounds of plants, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidant compounds, can be effective on certain pathogenic factors particularly in decreasing cholesterol and blood pressure, preventing an increase in free radicals and ultimately reducing blood clots and vascular resistance to reduce and prevent ischemic disease and its harmful effects. Conclusion: Medicinal plants discussed in this article seem to be able to prevent cardiac damage and the disease progression via affecting the factors that are involved in ischemia.

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