Ammonia in Jupiter’s Atmosphere: Spatial and Temporal Variations of the NH3 Absorption Bands at 645 and 787 Nm

Cassini Exploration of the Planet Saturn: A Comprehensive Review

“…The chromophore occurs in an optically thin layer above the main cloud deck, and may require upward displacement of the air mass to form. A principal component analysis of Cassini ISS data indicates that the red chromophore explains most of the variance across the planet, but a second coloring agent is required to explain the brownish color of the cyclones in Jupiter’s North Equatorial Belt ( Ordonez-Etxeberria et al 2016 ; Teifel’ et al 2018 ).…”

Jupiter: Zonal Spectrophotometry of Weak Ammonia Absorption Bands in 2018

“…The main objective of this study is primarily considering the behavior of ammonia absorption during the transition from the central meridian to the edges of the Jupiter disk within each of the zones (or belts). In our previous publications [1][2], we have already noted that the intensity of the weak NH 3 absorption bands decreases to the limb rather steeply, so that the zonal absorption variations differ from the latitudinal variations observed along the central meridian, where the decline occurs mainly at high latitudes.…”

“…For the 787 nm band, which falls in the middle of the more intense methane band, we used the spectrum of the center of the Saturn disk as a reference. This spectrum also contains methane absorption bands, but ammonia absorption is practically absent there, so the ammonia band profile stands out in the relation of the Jupiter spectrum to the Saturn's one, as described in [2]. At the time, it was paid attention to the presence of the ammonia band in the relation of the Jupiter spectrum to the Saturn's one [19], but no special measurements of this band were made.…”

“…We obtained the uniform observational data with a single technique during the full 12year period of Jupiter's revolution around the Sun, which makes it possible to trace certain seasonal changes in the atmosphere and in the cloud layer of the planet. Some results, but far from all ones, have been published recently [1][2][3][4].…”

Comparative Analysis of the Behavior of Weak Absorption Bands of Ammonia at 552 and 645 Nm in the Spectrum of Jupiter

“…Therefore, specific techniques are required in order to correctly draw the level of the continuous spectrum and to isolate precisely the ammonia bands' profiles. This problem is discussed in detail in [22][23][24] and in our articles, for example, in [25]. To compare the latitudinal behavior of the absorption in two ammonia bands, in addition to equivalent widths, we made an estimate of the corresponding equivalent absorption paths.…”