Ammonia-independent modifications of the background EEG signal and paradoxical enhancement of epileptic abnormalities in EEG after acute administration of valproate to epileptic patients

Sannita, Walter G.; Balestra, Vincenzo; DiBon, G.; Hassan, Khalil; Rosadini, G

doi:10.1016/0028-3908(93)90148-v

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The seizures observed in such studies may be spurred by chemoconvulsants (in animal studies) or may occur naturally as a result of the epileptic condition (in human patients). Antiepileptic drug effects on ictal EEG spike and wave discharges have been applied in antiepileptic pharmacodynamic studies [64,65,66,67]. …”

Section: Eeg Processing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroencephalogram-based pharmacodynamic measures: a review

Bewernitz

Derendorf

2012

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Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics can provide a useful modeling framework for predicting drug activity and can serve as a basis for dose optimization. Determining a suitable biomarker or surrogate measure of drug effect for pharmacodynamic models can be challenging. The electroencephalograph is a widely-available and non-invasive tool for recording brain-wave activity simultaneously from multiple brain regions. Certain drug classes (such as drugs that act on the central nervous system) also generate a reproducible electroencephalogram (EEG) effect. Characterization of such a drug-induced EEG effect can produce pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models useful for titrating drug levels and expediting development of chemically-similar drug analogs. This paper reviews the relevant concepts involved in pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling using EEG-based pharmacodynamic measures. In addition, examples of such models for various drugs are organized by drug activity as well as chemical structure and presented.

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Section: Eeg Processing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroencephalogram-based pharmacodynamic measures: a review

Bewernitz

Derendorf

2012

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“…A decrease of β power with valproate is well-documented [ 45 , 46 ]. Upper-α power on occipital areas increased with the serum concentration of valproate while β power over posterior scalp areas decreased [ 46 ].…”

Section: Frequency Responses To Aedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Pharmaco-Electroencephalography in Antiepileptic Drug Research

2018

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Pharmaco-electroencephalography (pharmaco-EEG) has never gained great popularity in epilepsy research. Nevertheless, the electroencephalogram (EEG) is the most important neurological examination technique in this patient population. Development and investigation of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) involves EEG for diagnosis and outcome evaluation. In contrast to the common use of the EEG for documenting the effect of AEDs on the presence of interictal epileptiform activities or seizures, quantitative analysis of drug responses in the EEG are not yet standard in pharmacological studies. We provide an overview of dedicated pharmaco-EEG studies with AEDs in humans. A systematic search in PubMed yielded 43 articles, which were reviewed for their relevance. After excluding studies according to our exclusion criteria, nine studies remained. These studies plus the retrieved references from the bibliographies of the identified studies yielded 37 studies to be included in the review. The most prominent method in pharmaco-EEG research for AEDs was analysis of the frequency content in response to drug intake, often with quantitative methods such as spectral analysis. Despite documenting the effect of the drug on brain activity, some studies were conducted in order to document treatment response, detect neurotoxic effects, and measure reversibility of AED-induced changes. There were some attempts to predict treatment response or side effects. We suggest that pharmaco-EEG deserves more attention in AED research, specifically because the newest drugs and techniques have not yet been subject to investigation.

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“…There are many reports about the effect of EEG influenced by AEDs using linear method. 1,11 –22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lyapunov Exponent of the EEG after Administration of Topiramate

Wang

et al. 2005

Clin EEG Neurosci

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The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of topiramate (TPM) on the Lyapunov exponent of EEG by means of quantitative pharmacoelectroencephalography (QPEEG) and nonlinear analysis methods. One dose of TPM was administrated to epileptics and healthy adults. EEG samples were obtained prior to and at regular intervals (at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 hours) within the 24 hours following the administration of TPM. EEG activity was processed with nonlinear analysis methods. The Lyapunov exponent of the scalp areas was calculated through 60 s epochs without artifacts after each recording. The statistical difference between baseline predrug assessment and each postdrug control was calculated by computing the paired t test. Results showed that the Lyapunov exponent increased first, then decreased, then increased finally. We conclude that TPM can change the complexity of EEG.

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Ammonia-independent modifications of the background EEG signal and paradoxical enhancement of epileptic abnormalities in EEG after acute administration of valproate to epileptic patients

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Electroencephalogram-based pharmacodynamic measures: a review

Electroencephalogram-based pharmacodynamic measures: a review

Quantitative Pharmaco-Electroencephalography in Antiepileptic Drug Research

The Lyapunov Exponent of the EEG after Administration of Topiramate

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