Ammoniacal thiosulfate leaching of pressure oxidized sulfide gold concentrate with low reagent consumption

Lampinen, Matti; Лаари, Арто; Турунен, Илкка

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2014.10.014

Cited by 64 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The total reaction of thiosulfate leaching of pure gold is indicated in Equation (1), and the values of standard Gibbs free energy for Equations (1)- (13) were all calculated based on the thermodynamic data in the literature [26]. The essence of this reaction is an electrochemical process consisting of the oxidation of gold at the anode and reduction of oxygen at the cathode [27,28].…”

Section: Electrochemical-catalytic Mechanism Of Thiosulfate Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the adoption of relatively low reagent concentrations under limited oxygen supply is a relatively easy method to decrease thiosulfate consumption. Lampinen et al [13] demonstrated that satisfactory gold dissolution from a pressure oxidized sulfide gold concentration and negligible thiosulfate consumption can be achieved with low concentrations of ammonia (0.2 M), thiosulfate (0.2 M) and Cu(II) (1.6 mM) under continuous aeration (0.2 L/min air). Based on the literature [12,24,36,45], the mixed pulp potential determined by the Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox equilibrium potential is a key factor for thiosulfate leaching, and there is a proper mixed potential range for both of high gold leaching ratio and acceptable thiosulfate consumption.…”

Section: The Control Of Reaction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thiosulfate leaching is widely considered to be the most promising alternative method owing to its reduced environmental risk, high reaction selectivity, low corrosivity of leach solution, cheap reagents, etc. [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Thiosulfate Leaching of Gold: Focus on Thiosulfate Consumption and Gold Recovery from Pregnant Solution

Kong

et al. 2017

Metals

136

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Thiosulfate leaching is a promising alternative to cyanidation, and the main hindrances for its wide commercial application are the high thiosulfate consumption and the difficult recovery of dissolved gold. In this review, the four solutions to reduce the consumption of thiosulfate, including the control of reaction conditions, the use of additives, the generation of thiosulfate in situ, and the replacement of traditional cupric-ammonia catalysis, are introduced and evaluated after the presentation of background knowledge about thiosulfate consumption. The replacement of cupric-ammonia catalysis with other metals, such as nickel-and cobalt-based catalysts, is proposed. The reason is that it not only reduces thiosulfate consumption observably via decreasing the redox potential of leach solution significantly but also is beneficial to gold recovery mainly owing to eliminating the interference of cuprous thiosulfate [Cu(S 2 O 3 ) 3 ] 5− . Based on the comparative analysis for five common recovery techniques of rare-noble metals from pregnant leach solution, ion-exchange resin adsorption is considered to be the most appropriate to recover aurothiosulfate [Au(S 2 O 3 ) 2 ] 3− because the resin can be employed in the form of resin-in-leach/pulp and, furthermore, is able to be eluted and regenerated simultaneously at ambient temperature. At last, how to reduce the process cost of the resin adsorption technique is discussed. In order to simplify the complex two-stage elution process for loaded resins, the traditional catalysis is suggested to be replaced.

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Section: Electrochemical-catalytic Mechanism Of Thiosulfate Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Control Of Reaction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Thiosulfate Leaching of Gold: Focus on Thiosulfate Consumption and Gold Recovery from Pregnant Solution

Kong

et al. 2017

Metals

136

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“…The process of gold leaching with thiosulphate in ammoniacal solution, studied earlier [20] in a lab-scale batch STR, was taken as an example of typical multiphase pulp mixing process frequently encountered in mining and pharmaceuticals industries. The reaction proceeds under almost ambient conditions (atmospheric pressure and 30°C).…”

Section: Object Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Study of Multiphase Mixing Hydrodynamics in Batch Stirred Tank Applied to Ammoniacal Thiosulphate Leaching of Gold

Gradov¹,

González²,

Vauhkonen³

et al. 2017

J Chem Eng Process Technol

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Hydrodynamics of aerated slurry is studied experimentally and numerically using the example of thiosulphate leaching of gold concentrate. The studied milled concentrate has shear-thinning fluid rheology and it was imitated by water-based solutions of CMC. Presence of electrolytes, as in the case of the leaching slurry, has great influence on bubble size distribution. Primary phase flow is measured by Particle Image Velocimetry. Local gas hold-up in aerated CMC 50000 (0.15 w%) solution is measured by Electrical Impedance Tomography. Volumetric mass transfer is measured by dynamic method in different CMC solutions over a range of operational conditions in absence and presence of electrolytes. The experimental data was used in CFD modelling of the aerated slurry. Single phase hydrodynamics of shear-thinning fluid (CMC 50000 (0.15 w%)) have been modelled and validated against experimental data with reasonable agreement. Multiphase mixing of the thiosulphate slurry was modelled with the assumption of constant bubble size. The results of the simulations and measurements are presented and discussed.

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“…A number of reagents were offered as a possible alternative to cyanide, including thiosulfates, thiourea (Yuce, 1994), halides (Tran and Davis, 1992), polysulfides (Luo et al, 2006) and thiocyanates (Akcil et al, 2015). The greatest interest in the global practice of gold extraction from natural materials is generated by the leaching process where ammonium or sodium thiosulfate is used as the main reagent (Grosse et al, 2003;Zhang and Dreisinger, 2003;Petersen and Muzawazi, 2014;Lampinen et al, 2015), since precisely this method is acquiring practical importance for the conditions of the in-situ leaching. Thiosulfate leaching possesses obvious advantages, both in terms of technological and environmental parameters (Wan, 1997;West-Sells and Hackl, 2005).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption Extraction of Noble and Non-Ferrous Metals from Process Leaching Solutions

Kenzhaliyev¹,

Iskhakova²,

Z.D³

2015

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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In view of the annual increase in ore processing output for low grade or refractory gold-bearing ores, as well as recoverable raw materials, stricter requirements for completeness of gold extraction and environmental safety, the interest is rising in possible alternatives to substitute the cyanide process used in gold mining practice. One of such alternatives is to convert metals into solutions of various chemical compositions by means of electric current-electrochemical leachingfollowed by metal sorption extraction. This paper deals with the issues of sorption behavior of noble (gold, silver) and non-ferrous (copper, iron, cobalt, zinc, nickel, manganese, lead) metals from thiosulfate solutions for chemical and electrochemical leaching of concentrates of two mineral deposits using various anionites. Factors affecting metal uptake most significantly were determined. Degree of zinc and nickel sorption extraction from electrochemical leaching solutions made 99%. It has been established that the nature of metal sorption extraction from process solutions is connected with the micro structure of leaching solutions having quasi-homogeneous structure.

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Ammoniacal thiosulfate leaching of pressure oxidized sulfide gold concentrate with low reagent consumption

Cited by 64 publications

References 14 publications

A Review of Thiosulfate Leaching of Gold: Focus on Thiosulfate Consumption and Gold Recovery from Pregnant Solution

A Review of Thiosulfate Leaching of Gold: Focus on Thiosulfate Consumption and Gold Recovery from Pregnant Solution

Experimental and Numerical Study of Multiphase Mixing Hydrodynamics in Batch Stirred Tank Applied to Ammoniacal Thiosulphate Leaching of Gold

Sorption Extraction of Noble and Non-Ferrous Metals from Process Leaching Solutions

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