Ammonium‐assisted green fabrication of graphene/natural rubber latex composite

Li, Chengpeng; Feng, Chunfang; Peng, Zheng; Gong, Wei; Kong, Lingxue

doi:10.1002/pc.22380

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Swelling measurements are commonly reported in literature for the observation of the transport of solvent into the nanocomposite and the determination of the crosslink density between the filler and the elastomer or between the macromolecular chains of the elastomer [134,139,141,148,151,152,159,161,200]. The lamellar nanostructure of layered graphene fillers once again acts as a barrier that hinders the permeation of the solvent with increasing filler content.…”

Section: Swelling and Vulcanizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Graphene/elastomer nanocomposites

Papageorgiou

Kinloch

Young

2015

Carbon

339

201

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In the decade since the first isolation and identification of graphene, the scientific community is still finding ways to utilize its unique properties. The present review deals with the preparation and physicochemical characterization of graphene-based elastomeric nanocomposites. The processing and characterization of graphene and graphene oxide are described in detail, since the presence of such fillers in an elastomeric matrix affects dramatically the properties of the nanocomposite samples. Several preparation routes for the efficient dispersion of graphene in elastomers are then discussed, while aspects such as the interfacial bonding between the filler and the matrix or interactions between the fillers have been thoroughly analysed. Different types of graphene/elastomer nanocomposites are described in terms of their manufacture and properties and it has been shown that depending on the type of graphene employed and the preparation methods, the mechanical, thermal, electrical and barrier properties of the elastomeric matrix can be enhanced due to the presence of graphene, even at relatively-low filler loadings. In most cases, the formation of a filler network can play a major role in the improvement of the overall performance of the material.

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Section: Swelling and Vulcanizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…There are a number of reports in the literature upon investigations into the mechanical properties of graphene-based/elastomer nanocomposites [112, 124- 185,187,194,195,[200][201][202][203][204]. In most cases some type of reduced graphene oxide was employed as the filler rather than graphene itself.…”

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene/elastomer nanocomposites

Papageorgiou

Kinloch

Young

2015

Carbon

339

201

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“…2,35,36 Notwithstanding numerous experimental and theoretical investigations focused on the characterization of the polymer-filler interface structure, few reports study the effect of dispersed GE nanoplatelets on the chain motions and atom scale free-volume properties of GE based polymer composites, due to the short time scale for dynamic chain motions and the lack of suitable probes for subnanometer molecular dimensions. The presence of interfacial interactions between GE and the polymer matrix has been well-studied by neutron scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene networks and their influence on free-volume properties of graphene–epoxidized natural rubber composites with a segregated structure: rheological and positron annihilation studies

She

Peng

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Epoxidized natural rubber-graphene (ENR-GE) composites with segregated GE networks were successfully fabricated using the latex mixing combined in situ reduced technology. The rheological behavior and electrical conductivity of ENR-GE composites were investigated. At low frequencies, the storage modulus (G') became frequency-independent suggesting a solid-like rheological behavior and the formation of GE networks. According to the percolation theory, the rheological threshold of ENR-GE composites was calculated to be 0.17 vol%, which was lower than the electrical threshold of 0.23 vol%. Both percolation thresholds depended on the evolution of the GE networks in the composites. At low GE concentrations (<0.17 vol%), GE existed as individual units, while a "polymer-bridged GE network" was constructed in the composites when GE concentrations exceeded 0.17 vol%. Finally, a "three-dimensional GE network" with percolation conductive paths was formed with a GE concentration of 0.23 vol%, where a remarkable increase in the conductivity of ENR-GE composites was observed. The effect of GE on the atom scale free-volume properties of composites was further studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and positron age momentum correlation measurements. The motion of ENR chains was retarded by the geometric confinement of "GE networks", producing a high-density interfacial region in the vicinity of GE nanoplatelets, which led to a lower ortho-positronium lifetime intensity and smaller free-volume hole size.

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“…25 Another peak which is attributed to =NH coincides with the peak for CH 2 at 1446 cm -1 . 25 In addition, the peaks at 2961, 2925 and 2853 cm -1 of NR were attributed to asymmetry -CH 3 , asymmetry -CH 2 -and symmetry -CH 2 -and -CH 3 .…”

Section: Nr-ag Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%