Ammoxidation of brown coals for supercapacitors

MgO-templated nitrogen-containing carbons derived from different organic compounds for capacitor electrodes

“…A simple procedure to form nitrogen-doped carbons is carbonization of nitrogen containing organic compounds, mainly resins, but the subsequent activation processes to increase S BET markedly reduce W N [5][6][7][8]. Alternatively, activated carbons have been treated with nitrogen-containing compounds such as urea [8,9] and melamine [9].…”

High capacitance B/C/N composites for capacitor electrodes synthesized by a simple method

“…7) is insignificant. Further, it is recognized that the pseudo-capacitance by nitrogen doping does not appear as prominent redox peaks [2][3][4][5][6]8,10]. For comparison, CVs for C/N composites derived from PAA by MgO template method [26] are presented in Fig.…”

“…Accordingly explorations into different electrode materials are proceeding mainly aiming at the pseudo-capacitance. In this category, doped carbons are one of the promising materials and of them nitrogen-doped carbons have received much attention [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The gain in capacitance by nitrogen doping is frequently attributed to redox reactions of the functional groups containing nitrogen (e.g.…”

“…In addition, subsequent activation process to increase the specific surface area, S BET , drastically lowers W N [2,5,7,9]. Accordingly, high level of W N is ensured either by limiting HTT (e.g.…”

Voltage dependence of carbon-based supercapacitors for pseudocapacitance quantification

“…Many authors have qualitatively evaluated the effect of, for example, oxygen or nitrogen -containing electrode materials on the capacitor´s characteristics through various indirect approaches: (1) evaluating the capacitance of one material before and after removing (or incorporating) surface functionalities (e.g. oxygen removal by heat treatment [6], oxidation [10][11][12], ammoxidation [13], etc.) or (2) comparing capacitance values in acidic, basic and non-aqueous media [7].The soundness of any of these two approaches might be doubtful as: for case (1) treatments (thermal, oxidative, etc.)…”