Amn1 governs post-mitotic cell separation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Ou, Fang; Hu, Xiaohua; Wang, Lin; Jiang, Ning; Yang, Jixuan; Li, Bo; Luo, Zewei

doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1007691

Cited by 16 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Taken together, these findings suggest an essential role of the AMN1 gene in the transition to unicellularity, which is consistent with the known role of Amn1p in regulating a cytokinesis gene network (Fang et al, ; Wang, Shirogane, Liu, Harper, & Elledge, ). Finally, to investigate the possible role of the AMN1 sequence in the unicellularity of laboratory strains, we also compared the sequence of the TBR1 ancestor to the published sequence of the standard laboratory strain BY4742.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

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Disadvantages and benefits of evolved unicellularity versus multicellularity in budding yeast

Kuzdzal‐Fick

Chen

Balázsi

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Multicellular organisms appeared on Earth through several independent major evolutionary transitions. Are such transitions reversible? Addressing this fundamental question entails understanding the benefits and costs of multicellularity versus unicellularity. For example, some wild yeast strains form multicellular clumps, which might be beneficial in stressful conditions, but this has been untested. Here, we show that unicellular yeast evolve from clump‐forming ancestors by propagating samples from suspension after larger clumps have settled. Unicellular yeast strains differed from their clumping ancestors mainly by mutations in the AMN1 (Antagonist of Mitotic exit Network) gene. Ancestral yeast clumps were more resistant to freeze/thaw, hydrogen peroxide, and ethanol stressors than their unicellular counterparts, but they grew slower without stress. These findings suggest disadvantages and benefits to multicellularity and unicellularity that may have impacted the emergence of multicellular life forms.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Genetic Bases Of Unicellularitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Disadvantages and benefits of evolved unicellularity versus multicellularity in budding yeast

Kuzdzal‐Fick

Chen

Balázsi

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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“…As the cell progresses through G 1 , the amount of nuclear Ace2 is reduced by decreased Sc Cbk1 phosphorylation ( 42 ) and Sc Amn1-mediated ubiquitin-mediated degradation of Ace2. This decrease in Sc Ace2 is associated with the transition to yeast cell cycle checkpoint (Start) ( 44 ). In contrast to that during yeast growth, Ace2 protein levels increase as hyphal morphogenesis progresses ( 32 ), suggesting that hyphal cells maintain an early G 1 -like state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ndr/LATS Kinase Cbk1 Regulates a Specific Subset of Ace2 Functions and Suppresses the Hypha-to-Yeast Transition in Candida albicans

Wakade

Ristow

Stamnes

et al. 2020

mBio

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The regulation of Ace2 and morphogenesis (RAM) pathway is an important regulatory network in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. The RAM pathway’s two most well-studied components, the NDR/Lats kinase Cbk1 and its putative substrate, the transcription factor Ace2, have a wide range of phenotypes and functions. It is not clear, however, which of these functions are specifically due to the phosphorylation of Ace2 by Cbk1. To address this question, we first compared the transcriptional profiles of CBK1 and ACE2 deletion mutants. This analysis indicates that, of the large number of genes whose expression is affected by deletion of CBK1 and ACE2, only 5.5% of those genes are concordantly regulated. Our data also suggest that Ace2 directly or indirectly represses a large set of genes during hyphal morphogenesis. Second, we generated strains containing ACE2 alleles with alanine mutations at the Cbk1 phosphorylation sites. Phenotypic and transcriptional analysis of these ace2 mutants indicates that, as in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Cbk1 regulation is important for daughter cell localization of Ace2 and cell separation during yeast-phase growth. In contrast, Cbk1 phosphorylation of Ace2 plays a minor role in C. albicans yeast-to-hypha transition. We have, however, discovered a new function for the Cbk1-Ace2 axis. Specifically, Cbk1 phosphorylation of Ace2 prevents the hypha-to-yeast transition. To our knowledge, this is one of the first regulators of the C. albicans hypha-to-yeast transition to be described. Finally, we present an integrated model for the role of Cbk1 in the regulation of hyphal morphogenesis in C. albicans. IMPORTANCE The regulation of Ace2 and morphogenesis (RAM) pathway is a key regulatory network that plays a role in many aspects of C. albicans pathobiology. In addition to characterizing the transcriptional effects of this pathway, we discovered that Cbk1 and Ace2, a key RAM pathway regulator-effector pair, mediate a specific set of the overall functions of the RAM pathway. We have also discovered a new function for the Cbk1-Ace2 axis: suppression of the hypha-to-yeast transition. Very few regulators of this transition have been described, and our data indicate that maintenance of hyphal morphogenesis requires suppression of yeast phase growth by Cbk1-regulated Ace2.

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“…All strains used in this study were isogenic to s288c and SK1. Autotetraploids were constructed through fusion between the mating-type switched a/a and / diploids, which were induced and screened from the normal a/ diploids transformed with pTetra plasmid, as described in our previous study (Fang et al 2018). Fluorescent and antibiotic markers were generated by using of per liter antifoam, pH to 5.5 with 10 N KOH).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Duplication Increases Meiotic Recombination Frequency: A Saccharomyces cerevisiae Model

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Genetic recombination characterized by reciprocal exchange of genes on paired homologous chromosomes is the most prominent event in meiosis of almost all sexually reproductive organisms. It contributes to genome stability by ensuring the balanced segregation of paired homologs in meiosis, and it is also the major driving factor in generating genetic variation for natural and artificial selection. Meiotic recombination is subjected to the control of a highly stringent and complex regulating process and meiotic recombination frequency (MRF) may be affected by biological and abiotic factors such as sex, gene density, nucleotide content and chemical/temperature treatments, having motivated tremendous researches for artificially manipulating MRF. Whether genome polyploidization would lead to a significant change in MRF has attracted both historical and recent research interests, however tackling this fundamental question is methodologically challenging due to the lack of appropriate methods for tetrasomic genetic analysis, thus has led to controversial conclusions in the literature. This paper presents a comprehensive and rigorous survey of genome duplication mediated change in MRF using S. cerevisiae as a eukaryotic model. It demonstrates that genome duplication can lead to consistently significant increase in MRF and rate of crossovers across all sixteen chromosomes of S. cerevisiae, including both cold and hot spots of MRF. This ploidy driven change in MRF is associated with weakened recombination interference, enhanced double-strand break density and loosened chromatin histone occupation. The study illuminates a significant evolutionary feature of genome duplication and opens an opportunity to accelerate response to artificial and natural selection through polyploidization.

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Amn1 governs post-mitotic cell separation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Disadvantages and benefits of evolved unicellularity versus multicellularity in budding yeast

Disadvantages and benefits of evolved unicellularity versus multicellularity in budding yeast

The Ndr/LATS Kinase Cbk1 Regulates a Specific Subset of Ace2 Functions and Suppresses the Hypha-to-Yeast Transition in Candida albicans

Genome Duplication Increases Meiotic Recombination Frequency: A Saccharomyces cerevisiae Model

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