Amniotic Band Syndrome: A Rare Occurrence

Abstract

Abstract:Amniotic band syndrome is a rare set of congenital malformations attributed to the anomalous amniotic bands that entangle fetal parts during intrauterine life resulting in a broad spectrum of anatomical disturbances. It is a rare condition and is mostly associated with other musculo-skeletal disorders. Amniotic band syndrome should be considered in every newborn with congenital anomalies, especially defects of extremities and/ or body walls. We report a case of amniotic band syndrome along with X ray findings in a male child born with congenital malformation of the extremities.

Amniotic band syndrome associated with malformation of extremities

“…ABS responsible for 1-2% of the congenital malformations within the general population. 1 Most of the cases are sporadic and no known genetic origin or reoccurrence among the siblings or children of the affected adults 1,2 .…”

“…But there is evidence that, the syndrome is found among the families with the connective tissue disorders, namely osteogenesis imperfecta and collagen disorders; Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 6 . The other possible etiological factors for the syndrome are primiparous mother of under 25 years of age 2 , unplanned pregnancy 3 , direct abdominal trauma 1,2 , induced 1 or unsuccessful abortion, 2 intrauterine contraception 2 , amniocentesis 1,2 , malformations of the uterus 2 , cerclage 6 maternal exposure to drugs such as ergotamine, misoprostol 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 3 , bacterial infection of the amniotic membranes 1 , oligohydramnios's 2 hyperthermia 3 and prematurity 6 . According to literature, considerable amount of cases were related with PPROM 12,13 .…”

“…Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a rare congenital condition which has an incidence ranging from 1:1200 to 1:15000 in live births, 1,2,7 1:70 among still births and as high as 1:56 in abortuses. 2,6,11 It occurs in both genders equally as an outcome of entanglement of fetal parts with amniotic bands during intrauterine life of the fetus. 1,2,6,7 ABS commonly affects extremities and abnormalities range from simple ring constrictions to amputations of limb at various levels.…”

“…2,6,11 It occurs in both genders equally as an outcome of entanglement of fetal parts with amniotic bands during intrauterine life of the fetus. 1,2,6,7 ABS commonly affects extremities and abnormalities range from simple ring constrictions to amputations of limb at various levels. 4 Also this syndrome causes cranial-fascial malformations such as cleft lip, cleft palate 4 and encephalocele to acrania, 1 abdominal wall defects and visceral defects for example renal agenesis, and less commonly septo-optic dysplasia.…”

Aplasia cutis congenita and amniotic band syndrome: an uncommon association

“…Amniotic band syndrome is an unusual clinical entity with a wide variety of presentations that include constriction rings, syndactyly and limb or digital amputations 1 2. Aplasia cutis congenita is a rare congenital anomaly involving variant layers of the skin, most commonly affecting the scalp 3.…”